PERMANENT SOURCE RECORD
ALL SOURCES ↗BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYmw-algorism
SOURCE
RECORD.
One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.
15 PUBLIC LINKS INTO THE GRAPH.
This count excludes duplicate dossier-path citations. Open the claims below to see exactly how the source is used.
historical dictionarymw-algorism
Algorism — Word History
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster Editors
- YEAR
- 2026
- PUBLISHER
- Merriam-Webster
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- historical dictionary
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
010
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
No ranked contrarian reveal currently cites this source.
022
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
openchallengesprobable
Does the English record begin in the 13th or 14th century?
The reviewed reports differ. Etymonline gives an early-thirteenth-century algorism; Merriam-Webster gives a fourteenth-century first-known-use horizon.
First Known Use: 14th centuryPublishes the later century-level horizon.
opensupportsprobable
Did English algorism arrive through French or directly from Medieval Latin?
The sources preserve both channels. Merriam-Webster names Middle French and Medieval Latin; Etymonline emphasizes Old French from Medieval Latin.
Word History: Middle French and Medieval Latin sourcesExplicitly preserves both transmission channels.
037
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
EDGE 84supportsestablished
algorisme / augrim → algorismus
Middle English → Medieval Latin · borrowing
- SOUND
- Middle English and French forms adapted Medieval Latin algorismus with variable vowels and endings.
- MEANING
- The art of reckoning with Hindu-Arabic numerals remained central.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster editors
Etymology and First Known UseEDGE 85supportsestablished
algorismus → al-Khwārizmī
Medieval Latin → Classical Arabic · eponymic borrowing
- SOUND
- The Arabic name al-Khwārizmī was heavily Latinized as Algoritmi / algorismus; the initial article was absorbed into the form.
- MEANING
- A scholar's geographic name came to denote the arithmetic associated with transmitted texts.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster · MacTutor editors
Medieval Latin algorismus from Arabic al-khuwārizmiDocuments the eponymic borrowing.
EDGE 86supportsestablished
al-Khwārizmī → Khwārizm
Classical Arabic → Classical Arabic · nisba derivation
- SOUND
- Arabic al- plus Khwārizm plus the relational suffix -ī forms “the Khwārizmian.”
- MEANING
- A place of origin becomes a personal identifier.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Arabic onomastic analysis · Merriam-Webster editors
Arabic al-khuwārizmiIdentifies the geographic personal name behind the word family.
EDGE 495supportsestablished
algorism → algorisme / augrim
Present-Day English → Middle English · historical continuation
- SOUND
- Middle English algorisme / augrim stabilizes as the historical headword algorism with regularized spelling and pronunciation.
- MEANING
- Calculation with Hindu-Arabic numerals remains central; later use becomes chiefly historical.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors
Etymology and First Known UseDocuments the English headword and fourteenth-century report.
EDGE 496supportsprobable
algorisme / augrim → algorisme / augorisme
Middle English → Old French · borrowing
- SOUND
- Middle English forms adapt Old French algorisme / augorisme with variable vowels, consonants, and endings.
- MEANING
- The art of reckoning with Hindu-Arabic numerals remains central.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors
Word History: Middle English and Middle French algorismeDocuments the French transmission route while also allowing Medieval Latin.
EDGE 497supportsprobable
algorisme / augorisme → algorismus
Old French → Medieval Latin · borrowing
- SOUND
- Old French algorisme / augorisme adapts Medieval Latin algorismus with Romance vowel and ending changes.
- MEANING
- The learned arithmetic term enters vernacular calculation vocabulary.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster · Etymonline · MacTutor editors
Word History: Middle French and Medieval Latin algorismusDocuments the French and Latin stages.
EDGE 500supportsboundary
Khwārizm → UNKNOWN
Classical Arabic → Beyond secure reconstruction · knowledge boundary
- SOUND
- No deeper analysis of the toponym is promoted without dedicated Iranian and Central Asian onomastic review.
- MEANING
- The graph stops at the geographic name rather than inventing a lexical root.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- SET-U editorial boundary
al-Khuwārizmī endpointThe reviewed headword history identifies the personal name but does not supply a secure deeper etymology for the place name.
042
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
algorithmSOURCE-REPORTED
algorisme / augrim
Middle English lexicographic first-use record for algorism
OPEN WITNESS 24 ↗algorismSOURCE-REPORTED
algorism
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
OPEN WITNESS 126 ↗051
COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
algorism
Englishdirect historical predecessor
063
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
stage 1supports
Khwārizmian name horizon
Documents the geographic personal name and ninth-century scholarly horizon.
Arabic al-khuwārizmi “the Khwārizmian” · regionalstage 3context
France and England
Independently documents the French-English chain and later report.
Word History: Middle French and Middle English algorisme · broadstage 4supports
Medieval England
Reports the century-level English horizon.
First Known Use: 14th century · regional070
NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
082
WORD-FAMILY REUSE
DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE
7 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.