*SET-U

CANONICAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

TRACE A WORD ↗
NODE / 0655attestedOld English

word

TRANSLITERATION word

word, utterance, speech

DATE
Old English
SENSE
meaningful language unit
FAMILY
Indo-European / West Germanic
CANONICAL KEY
node:3:word:attested:sense:meaningful-language-unit

Both Merriam-Webster and American Heritage identify the Old English stage.

01

ANCESTRAL EDGES

ROOT OF THIS ROOT

1
GO DEEPERinheritanceestablished
Proto-Germanic · Proto-Germanic horizon · spoken unit noun

*wurdam

word; something spoken

SOUND
Old English word continues reconstructed Germanic *wurdam through inherited West Germanic development.
MEANING
Something spoken remains a word or utterance.
CHRONOLOGY
The Germanic form is reconstructed, not a written donor token.
SCHOLAR
Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors
CONFIDENCE
established
02

DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES

THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP

1
03

TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE

EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE

2

This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.

UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
2
REVIEWED EDGES
2
DEEPEST PATH
2
MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
1
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01continuationestablished
SOUND
Middle English word continues Old English word with no donor-language substitution.
MEANING
Word, utterance, and expression remain central.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 625 ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE
STEP 02continuationestablished
SOUND
Modern English preserves the inherited spelling word while pronunciation continues the history of English vowel and rhotic systems.
MEANING
The core linguistic-unit sense continues alongside utterance, promise, news, command, and technical extensions.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 624 ↗

“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.

04

RECORDED EVIDENCE

ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE

0
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.

The reviewed graph does not yet attach a source-reported or directly inspected witness to this canonical form.

05

EDITORIAL REUSE

WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE

1