Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗adj
Of, relating to, or intended for the head.
verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo be in command of. (See also head up.) · To come at the beginning or front of; to commence. · To strike with the head · To move in a specified direction.
Etymology tree substratebor.? Proto-Indo-European *kap-? Proto-Indo-European *kap- Proto-Indo-European *káput Proto-Germanic *haubudą Old English hēafod Middle English heed English head From Middle English efd, had, hafd, heafd, hed, heed, hefet, heid, het, hevd, heved, hevid, hiede, hæfd, hæfedd, from Old English hēafod (“head; top; leader; origin”), from Proto-West Germanic *haubud, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą (“head”), from Proto-Indo-European *káput (“head”), from *kap- (“head; bowl, cup”). The modern word comes from Old English oblique stem hēafd-; the expected Modern English outcome for hēafod would be *heaved (similar to the Middle English word). Doublet of cape, capo, caput, chef, chief, and Howth. Cognates Cognate with Scots heid (“head”), Yola haade, hade, heade (“head”), North Frisian Haur, hood (“head”), Saterland Frisian Haud, Hööft (“head”), West Frisian haad (“head”), Alemannic German Haupt (“head”), Dutch hoofd (“head”), German Haupt, Häupt (“head”), Vilamovian hiöet, hiöt, huöt, huø̄t (“head”), Yiddish הויפּט (hoypt, “head”), Danish hode, hoved (“head”), Elfdalian ovuð (“head”), Faroese høvd, høvur (“head”), Icelandic höfuð (“head”), Jamtish huvu (“head”), Norwegian Bokmål hode, hue (“head”), Norwegian Nynorsk haud, hauv, hove, hovu, hovud, hue, huggu, hugu, hugud, huvu, huvud (“head”), Scanian huweð (“head”), Swedish hufvud, hufwud, huve, huvud, hövve (“head”), Crimean Gothic hoef (“head”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳 (haubid), 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸 (haubiþ, “head”); also Irish and Scottish Gaelic cuach (“bowl; dome (of head)”), Welsh cawg (“basin, bowl, vessel”), Latin capud, capus, caput (“head”), Greek κεφάλι (kefáli), κεφαλή (kefalí, “head”), Central Kurdish کاپۆڵ (kapoll, “skull”), Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull; bowl”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionefdenm
- Inherited-form mentionhēafodang · head; top; leader; origin
- Inherited-form mention*haubudgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*haubudągem-pro · head
- Inherited-form mention*káputine-pro · head
- Doublet mentioncapeen
- Doublet mentioncapoen
- Doublet mentioncaputen
- Doublet mentionchefen
- Doublet mentionchiefen
- Doublet mentionHowthen
- Cognate mentionheidsco · head
- Cognate mentionhaadeyol
- Cognate mentionHaurfrr
- Cognate mentionHaudstq
- Cognate mentionhaadfy · head
- Cognate mentionHauptgsw · head
- Cognate mentionhoofdnl · head
- Cognate mentionHauptde
- Cognate mentionhiöetwym
- Cognate mentionהויפּטyi · head
- Cognate mentionhodeda
- Cognate mentionovuðovd · head
- Cognate mentionhøvdfo
- Cognate mentionhöfuðis · head
- Cognate mentionhuvugmq-jmk · head
- Cognate mentionhodenb
- Cognate mentionhaudnn
- Cognate mentionhuweðgmq-scy · head
- Cognate mentionhufvudsv
- Cognate mentionhoefgme-cgo · head
- Cognate mention𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳got
- Cognate mentioncawgcy · basin, bowl, vessel
- Cognate mentioncapudla
- Cognate mentionκεφάλιel
- Cognate mentionکاپۆڵckb · skull
- Cognate mentionकपालsa · skull; bowl
This page abbreviates 10 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:heed<id:head>",
"id": "Q23640",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudą\nOld English hēafod\nMiddle English heed\nEnglish head\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*káput\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubudą\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"hēafod\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"heed\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"head\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"Q23640\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"head\" id=\"English:_Q23640\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "efd"
},
"expansion": "Middle English efd"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hēafod",
"t": "head; top; leader; origin"
},
"expansion": "Old English hēafod (“head; top; leader; origin”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haubud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haubud"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haubudą",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haubudą (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*káput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *káput (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cape",
"3": "capo",
"4": "caput",
"5": "chef",
"6": "chief",
"7": "Howth"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cape, capo, caput, chef, chief, and Howth"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heid",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Scots heid (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "haade"
},
"expansion": "Yola haade"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "Haur"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian Haur"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Haud"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Haud"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "haad",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian haad (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Haupt",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German Haupt (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoofd",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hoofd (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Haupt"
},
"expansion": "German Haupt"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "hiöet"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian hiöet"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "הויפּט",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish הויפּט (hoypt, “head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hode"
},
"expansion": "Danish hode"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "ovuð",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian ovuð (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "høvd"
},
"expansion": "Faroese høvd"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "höfuð",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic höfuð (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmq-jmk",
"2": "huvu",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Jamtish huvu (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "hode"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål hode"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "haud"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk haud"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "huweð",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Scanian huweð (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hufvud"
},
"expansion": "Swedish hufvud"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gme-cgo",
"2": "hoef",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Gothic hoef (“head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳 (haubid)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ga,gd",
"2": "cuach",
"t": "bowl; dome (of head)"
},
"expansion": "Irish and Scottish Gaelic cuach (“bowl; dome (of head)”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cawg",
"t": "basin, bowl, vessel"
},
"expansion": "Welsh cawg (“basin, bowl, vessel”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "capud"
},
"expansion": "Latin capud"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "κεφάλι"
},
"expansion": "Greek κεφάλι (kefáli)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "کاپۆڵ",
"t": "skull"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish کاپۆڵ (kapoll, “skull”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कपाल",
"t": "skull; bowl"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull; bowl”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:heed<id:head>",
"id": "Q23640",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudą\nOld English hēafod\nMiddle English heed\nEnglish head"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*kap-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kap-#Proto-Indo-European:_seize"
],
[
"*kap-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kap-#Proto-Indo-European:_head"
],
[
"*káput",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/káput#Proto-Indo-European:_head"
],
[
"*haubudą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haubudą#Proto-Germanic:_head"
],
[
"hēafod",
"heafod#Old_English:_head"
],
[
"heed",
"heed#Middle_English:_head"
],
[
"efd",
"efd#Middle_English"
],
[
"had",
"had#Middle_English"
],
[
"hafd",
"hafd#Middle_English"
],
[
"heafd",
"heafd#Middle_English"
],
[
"hed",
"hed#Middle_English"
],
[
"heed",
"heed#Middle_English"
],
[
"hefet",
"hefet#Middle_English"
],
[
"heid",
"heid#Middle_English"
],
[
"het",
"het#Middle_English"
],
[
"hevd",
"hevd#Middle_English"
],
[
"heved",
"heved#Middle_English"
],
[
"hevid",
"hevid#Middle_English"
],
[
"hiede",
"hiede#Middle_English"
],
[
"hæfd",
"hæfd#Middle_English"
],
[
"hæfedd",
"hæfedd#Middle_English"
],
[
"hēafod",
"heafod#Old_English"
],
[
"*haubud",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haubud"
],
[
"*haubudą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haubudą"
],
[
"*káput",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/káput"
],
[
"*kap-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kap-#Proto-Indo-European:_head"
],
[
"cape",
"cape#English"
],
[
"capo",
"capo#English"
],
[
"caput",
"caput#English"
],
[
"chef",
"chef#English"
],
[
"chief",
"chief#English"
],
[
"Howth",
"Howth#English"
],
[
"heid",
"heid#Scots"
],
[
"haade",
"haade#Yola"
],
[
"hade",
"hade#Yola"
],
[
"heade",
"heade#Yola"
],
[
"Haur",
"Haur#North_Frisian"
],
[
"hood",
"hood#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Haud",
"Haud#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"Hööft",
"Hööft#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"haad",
"haad#West_Frisian"
],
[
"Haupt",
"Haupt#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"hoofd",
"hoofd#Dutch"
],
[
"Haupt",
"Haupt#German"
],
[
"Häupt",
"Häupt#German"
],
[
"hiöet",
"hiöet#Vilamovian"
],
[
"hiöt",
"hiöt#Vilamovian"
],
[
"huöt",
"huöt#Vilamovian"
],
[
"huø̄t",
"huø̄t#Vilamovian"
],
[
"הויפּט",
"הויפּט#Yiddish"
],
[
"hode",
"hode#Danish"
],
[
"hoved",
"hoved#Danish"
],
[
"ovuð",
"ovuð#Elfdalian"
],
[
"høvd",
"høvd#Faroese"
],
[
"høvur",
"høvur#Faroese"
],
[
"höfuð",
"höfuð#Icelandic"
],
[
"huvu",
"huvu#Jamtish"
],
[
"hode",
"hode#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"hue",
"hue#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"haud",
"haud#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"hauv",
"hauv#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"hove",
"hove#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"hovu",
"hovu#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"hovud",
"hovud#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"hue",
"hue#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"huggu",
"huggu#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"hugu",
"hugu#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"hugud",
"hugud#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"huvu",
"huvu#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"huvud",
"huvud#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"huweð",
"huweð#Scanian"
],
[
"hufvud",
"hufvud#Swedish"
],
[
"hufwud",
"hufwud#Swedish"
],
[
"huve",
"huve#Swedish"
],
[
"huvud",
"huvud#Swedish"
],
[
"hövve",
"hövve#Swedish"
],
[
"hoef",
"hoef#Crimean_Gothic"
],
[
"𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳",
"𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳#Gothic"
],
[
"𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸",
"𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸#Gothic"
],
[
"Irish",
"cuach#Irish"
],
[
"cuach",
"cuach#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"cawg",
"cawg#Welsh"
],
[
"capud",
"capud#Latin"
],
[
"capus",
"capus#Latin"
],
[
"caput",
"caput#Latin"
],
[
"κεφάλι",
"κεφάλι#Greek"
],
[
"κεφαλή",
"κεφαλή#Greek"
],
[
"کاپۆڵ",
"کاپۆڵ#Central_Kurdish"
],
[
"कपाल",
"कपाल#Sanskrit"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"Of, relating to, or intended for the head."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"recordId": "153b20713f365f18c4d98859ac9acf38e94354eeccbea8433a158c057af2c9f8",
"rawRecordSha256": "1a12945a682163807fb0b761f090863a8278edcdda9bbd2332fb4a9193fbbae9",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 866
},
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To be in command of. (See also head up.)",
"To come at the beginning or front of; to commence.",
"To strike with the head",
"To move in a specified direction."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"intransitive"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 867
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 10,
"glosses": 0
}
}