A CLAIM
YOU CAN AUDIT.

The proposed zero-grade or reduced root formation *ḱh₂d-es- is analyzed from the full-grade base *ḱeh₂d- with suffixation.

The source groups grief, pain, care, mourning, and hatred meanings, but no single original semantic path is promoted.

Two analytical reconstructed levels, not independently attested spoken tokens.

Merriam-Webster Editors

probable — The formal analysis is published, while the semantic unity remains expressly difficult.

reviewed