Every attestation claim in the reviewed graph.
PRIMARY-EVIDENCE DESK
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗THE WRITTEN RECORD
NO OBJECT / NO CLAIMWITNESS
THE WORD.
A date is not a manuscript. A quotation is not a facsimile. Every historical occurrence must disclose what was actually seen, where it lives, and how precisely it can be found again.
A primary image was checked and precisely located.
Repeatable logs of what the image itself proves.
A secondary source reports the date or form.
Reviewed word histories represented here.
INSPECTION RATE9%
46 records currently meet the directly inspected primary-object standard, each with a structured inspection log.
01
PERMANENT EVIDENCE RECORDS
152 WITNESSES IN THIS VIEW
001SOURCE REPORT
Feindeighth century, source-reportedestablished
fīant
Old High German headword horizon
- LANGUAGE
- Old High German
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Pfeifer etymology, fīant and fījant (8th century)
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
DWDS/Pfeifer reports these Old High German forms from the eighth century. No manuscript object was directly inspected, and the representative year marks a century horizon rather than an exact first token.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
002SOURCE REPORT
Hasseighth century, source-reportedestablished
haʒ
Old High German headword horizon
- LANGUAGE
- Old High German
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Pfeifer etymology: Old High German haʒ (8th century)
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
DWDS/Pfeifer reports the Old High German form from the eighth century. No manuscript object was directly inspected, and 750 is a representative century marker rather than an exact first token.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
003SOURCE REPORT
bridebefore the 12th centuryestablished
bride
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported pre-twelfth-century use represented conservatively within the Old English record; no manuscript was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
004SOURCE REPORT
Decemberbefore the 12th centuryestablished
December
English lexicographic first-use report for December
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported Old English period; 1050 is only a sorting midpoint and no manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
005SOURCE REPORT
hatebefore the 12th centuryestablished
hate
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for hate as a verb
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, verb
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon, not an exact token or first spoken use.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
006SOURCE REPORT
kinbefore the 12th centuryestablished
kin
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for kin
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported written-use horizon. The sorting year 1050 is a midpoint inside the stated period, not an exact token date or first spoken use.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
007SOURCE REPORT
kindbefore the 12th centuryestablished
kind
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for kind as a noun
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported written-use horizon for the noun. The sorting year 1050 is a midpoint inside the stated period, not an exact token date or first spoken use.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
008SOURCE REPORT
kindredbefore the 12th centuryestablished
kindred
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for kindred as a noun
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported written-use horizon. The sorting year is a midpoint inside the stated period, not an exact token date or first spoken use.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
009SOURCE REPORT
kingbefore the 12th centuryestablished
king
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for king
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported written-use horizon. The sorting year 1050 is a midpoint inside the stated period, not an exact token date or first spoken use.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
010SOURCE REPORT
mousebefore the 12th centuryestablished
mouse
English lexicographic first-use record for mouse
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use period; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
011SOURCE REPORT
musselbefore the 12th centuryestablished
mussel
English lexicographic first-use record for mussel
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use period; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
012SOURCE REPORT
collectbefore 12th centuryestablished
collect
English lexical record for the prayer noun
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
013SOURCE REPORT
lawbefore the 12th centuryestablished
lagu
Merriam-Webster source-reported Old English record
- LANGUAGE
- Old English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History and First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use horizon attached to the Old English form, not a directly inspected primary object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
014SOURCE REPORT
laybefore the 12th centuryestablished
lecgan
Merriam-Webster source-reported Old English record
- LANGUAGE
- Old English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History and First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use horizon attached to the Old English form, not a directly inspected primary object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
015SOURCE REPORT
saltbefore the 12th centuryestablished
sealt
Merriam-Webster source-reported Old English record
- LANGUAGE
- Old English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History and First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use horizon attached to the Old English form, not a directly inspected primary object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
016SOURCE REPORT
hate12th centuryestablished
hate
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for hate as a noun
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Sense- and category-specific source-reported horizon.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
017SOURCE REPORT
logic12th centuryestablished
logic
Middle English lexical record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
018SOURCE REPORT
feign13th century first known useestablished
feign
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century represented conservatively by its opening year; no primary object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
019SOURCE REPORT
guest13th centuryestablished
guest
English lexicographic first-use record for guest
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use period; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
020SOURCE REPORT
hatred13th centuryestablished
hatred
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for hatred
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported written-use horizon. The sorting year is a midpoint convention, not an exact token date or first spoken use.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
021SOURCE REPORT
dairy14th century first known useestablished
dairy
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century represented conservatively by its opening year; no primary object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
022SOURCE REPORT
fiction14th century first known useestablished
fiction
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century represented conservatively by its opening year; no primary object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
023SOURCE REPORT
algorism14th centuryestablished
algorism
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected medieval object; Etymonline reports an earlier early-thirteenth-century horizon.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
024SOURCE REPORT
algorithm14th centuryestablished
algorisme / augrim
Middle English lexicographic first-use record for algorism
- LANGUAGE
- Middle English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use date; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
025SOURCE REPORT
calculator14th centuryestablished
calculator
Merriam-Webster source-reported Middle English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History and First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected medieval object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
026SOURCE REPORT
check14th centuryestablished
check
English lexicographic first-use report for check
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use — verb
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use century; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
027SOURCE REPORT
checkmate14th centuryestablished
checkmate
English lexicographic first-use report for checkmate
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use — verb
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use century; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
028SOURCE REPORT
chess14th centuryestablished
chess
English lexicographic first-use report for chess
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use — game noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use century; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
029SOURCE REPORT
hospital14th centuryestablished
hospital
English lexicographic first-use record for hospital
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use period; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
030SOURCE REPORT
host14th centuryestablished
host
English lexicographic first-use record for host in the hospitality sense
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Noun (1), First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use period for the hospitality noun; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
031SOURCE REPORT
intelligence14th centuryestablished
intelligence
Middle English lexical record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
032SOURCE REPORT
muscle14th centuryestablished
muscle
English lexicographic first-use record for muscle
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use period; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
033SOURCE REPORT
nice14th centuryestablished
nice
English lexicographic first-use report for nice
- LANGUAGE
- Middle English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use century; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
034SOURCE REPORT
science14th centuryestablished
science / cience
English lexicographic first-use report for science
- LANGUAGE
- Middle English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use century; no underlying manuscript witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
035SOURCE REPORT
etymologylate 14th centuryestablished
etymology
English lexical record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
036SOURCE REPORT
arithmetic15th centuryestablished
arithmetic
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected fifteenth-century object; Etymonline reports an earlier mid-thirteenth-century form.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
037SOURCE REPORT
exhume15th century first known useestablished
exhume
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century represented conservatively by its opening year; no primary object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
038SOURCE REPORT
humiliationbefore 1449 source-reported French recordestablished
humiliation
Jean de Stavelot, Chronique
- LANGUAGE
- Middle French
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- page 466 as reported in Godefroy Complément
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
CNRTL’s historical-dictionary report was inspected; the underlying chronicle object and edition page were not, so 1449 is an upper horizon rather than an exact occurrence year.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
039SOURCE REPORT
lecture15th centuryestablished
lecture
English lexical record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
040SOURCE REPORT
legal15th centuryestablished
legal
English lexical record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
041SOURCE REPORT
legendc. 1500established
legend
English lexical record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
042SOURCE REPORT
bridegroom1525established
bridegroom
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for bridegroom
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported year; no underlying early-modern object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
043SOURCE REPORT
etymologize1532established
etymologize
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for transitive etymologize
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use of transitive etymologize
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record for the transitive sense; no underlying 1532 object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
044SOURCE REPORT
sincere1533 first known useestablished
sincere
English lexicographic first-use record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
This is a lexicographic first-use report from Merriam-Webster, not a directly inspected primary object.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
045SOURCE REPORT
humiliatecirca 1534 first known useestablished
humiliate
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use horizon; no underlying 1534 object was directly inspected, and the date is not treated as proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
046SOURCE REPORT
intelligentcirca 1540established
intelligent
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected historical object or proof of first speech.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
047SOURCE REPORT
calculate1542established
calculate
English lexicographic first-use record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use date; no underlying quotation or facsimile was directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
048SOURCE REPORT
étymologiquec. 1550established
étymologique
CNRTL historical-attestation report for French étymologique
- LANGUAGE
- French
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Étymologie et Histoire: Bonivard, cited through Delboulle and the Dictionnaire général
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported approximate date and phrase; neither the underlying Bonivard object nor the cited intermediary edition was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
049SOURCE REPORT
algebra1551established
algebra
English lexicographic first-use record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use date; no underlying quotation or facsimile was directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
050SOURCE REPORT
selectFirst known adjective use reported as 1565established
select
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for select
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic date. The underlying 1565 primary object was not directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
051SOURCE REPORT
shah1566established
shah
English lexicographic first-use report for shah
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use year; no underlying printed witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
052SOURCE REPORT
disaster1567established
disaster
English lexical record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
053SOURCE REPORT
icon1572established
icon
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected 1572 object; Etymonline gives the broader 1570s horizon.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
054SOURCE REPORT
etymon1573established
etymon
Merriam-Webster lexicographic first-use report for etymon
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, sense 1a
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported year; no underlying 1573 printed object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
055SOURCE REPORT
emotion1579established
emotion
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected 1579 object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
056SOURCE REPORT
hostile1580established
hostile
English lexicographic first-use record for hostile
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use year; no underlying printed witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
057SOURCE REPORT
mango1582established
mango
English lexicographic first-use record for mango
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1582 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
058SOURCE REPORT
etymological1588established
etymological
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for etymological
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record located by current scholarship; no underlying 1588 object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
059SOURCE REPORT
candid1597established
candid
Merriam-Webster lexicographic first-use record for candid
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective sense 4
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported year for the English white sense; no underlying 1597 printed witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
060SOURCE REPORT
omniscient1598established
omniscient
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, all-knowing sense
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected 1598 object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
061SOURCE REPORT
candidatec. 1600established
candidate
English lexical record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
062SOURCE REPORT
cluelate 16th to 17th centuryestablished
clue
English literary record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- figurative senses
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
063SOURCE REPORT
consciouscirca 1600established
conscious
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective sense 2
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected printed object or proof of first speech.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
064SOURCE REPORT
llama1600established
llama
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic first-use year; no primary token was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
065SOURCE REPORT
moose1603established
moose
English lexicographic first-use record for moose
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1603 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
066SOURCE REPORT
etymologist1604established
etymologist
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for etymologist
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record located by current scholarship; no underlying 1604 object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
067SOURCE REPORT
jaguar1604established
jaguar
English lexicographic first-use record for jaguar
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1604 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
068SOURCE REPORT
legislation1606probable
legislation
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A secondary lexicographic year report. Etymonline gives the 1650s, so SET-U preserves the chronology dispute and does not claim coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
069SOURCE REPORT
decimal1608established
decimal
English lexicographic first-use record for decimal as an adjective
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use — adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use year; no underlying printed witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
070SOURCE REPORT
nescience1612established
nescience
English lexicographic first-use record for nescience
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use year; no underlying printed witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
071SOURCE REPORT
quarantine1617established
quarantine
English noun lexicographic first-use record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The 1617 date is source-reported for the noun’s forty-day sense. No underlying quotation or facsimile was directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
072SOURCE REPORT
yogurt1625established
yogurt
English lexicographic first-use record for yogurt
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1625 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
073SOURCE REPORT
hammock1626established
hammock
English lexicographic first-use record for the suspended-bed sense of hammock
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use — noun (1)
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1626 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
074SOURCE REPORT
teaFirst known use reported as 1655established
tea
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for tea
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use of tea
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic date. SET-U did not inspect the underlying 1655 primary object in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
075SOURCE REPORT
decimate1660established
decimate
English lexicographic first-use record for decimate
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use year; no underlying printed witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
076SOURCE REPORT
calculus1666established
calculus
Merriam-Webster lexicographic first-use record for calculus
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, calculation sense
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported year; no underlying 1666 printed witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
077SOURCE REPORT
hotel1687established
hotel
English lexicographic first-use record for hotel
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use year; no underlying printed witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
078SOURCE REPORT
avocado1696established
avocado
English lexicographic first-use record for avocado
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1696 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
079SOURCE REPORT
shaman1698established
shaman
English lexicographic first-use record for shaman
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1698 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
080SOURCE REPORT
poncho1717established
poncho
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic first-use year; no primary token was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
081SOURCE REPORT
tipi1743established
tipi
Merriam-Webster tepee / teepee / tipi spelling-family report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported year for the English spelling family; this is not proof that the exact spelling tipi occurs in that earliest token.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
082SOURCE REPORT
alpaca1747established
alpaca
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic first-use year; no primary token was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
083SOURCE REPORT
kayak1757established
kayak
English lexicographic first-use record for kayak
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1757 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
084SOURCE REPORT
bayou1763established
bayou
English lexicographic first-use record for bayou
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1763 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
085SOURCE REPORT
taboo1777established
taboo
English lexicographic first-use record for taboo
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1777 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
086SOURCE REPORT
dimeFirst known coin use reported as 1786established
dime
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for dime
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, coin sense
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic date for the ten-cent coin. The older tenth-part word predates this sense.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
087SOURCE REPORT
humus1796established
humus
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for humus
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported year; no underlying printed scientific object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
088SOURCE REPORT
hospiceFirst known use reported as 1818established
hospice
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for hospice
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, lodging sense
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The date belongs to the older lodging sense, not automatically to modern palliative care. The underlying primary object was not directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
089SOURCE REPORT
boomerang1824established
boomerang
English lexicographic first-use record for boomerang
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1824 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
090SOURCE REPORT
hogan1871established
hogan
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic first-use year; no primary token was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
091SOURCE REPORT
sauna1881established
sauna
English lexicographic first-use record for sauna
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1881 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
092SOURCE REPORT
chthonic1882 first known useestablished
chthonic
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use year; no primary 1882 object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
093SOURCE REPORT
kimchi1888established
kimchi
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic first-use year; no primary token was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
094SOURCE REPORT
étymon1892established
étymon
CNRTL historical first-attestation report for French étymon
- LANGUAGE
- French
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Étymologie et Histoire: Guérin 1892
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use year; the Guérin volume was not directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
095SOURCE REPORT
robot1922established
robot
English lexicographic first-use record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported first-use date; no underlying quotation or facsimile was directly inspected for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
096SOURCE REPORT
algorithm1926established
algorithm
Lexicographic first-use record for Merriam-Webster's currently defined technical sense
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Sense-specific source-reported first-use date; it does not erase earlier records of the spelling with the numeral-system sense.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
097SOURCE REPORT
chaiFirst known use reported as 1984established
chai
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for chai
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use of chai
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported lexicographic date for the modern English culinary sense. SET-U did not inspect the underlying primary object.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
098SOURCE REPORT
emoticon1987established
emoticon
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected 1987 object or proof that the compound was first spoken or written in that year.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
099SOURCE REPORT
emoji1997established
emoji
English lexicographic first-use record for emoji
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
The lexicographic first-use report was reviewed; no underlying 1997 object or facsimile was identified or directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
100SOURCE REPORT
adverb15th centuryestablished
adverb
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for adverb
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fifteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
101SOURCE REPORT
betroth14th centuryestablished
betroth
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for betroth
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, verb
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fourteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
102SOURCE REPORT
boy14th centuryestablished
boy
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for boy
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
103SOURCE REPORT
candor14th centuryestablished
candor
Merriam-Webster lexicographic first-use record for candor
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, brightness sense
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century for the English brightness sense; no underlying medieval witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
104SOURCE REPORT
clewbefore the 12th centuryestablished
clew
Merriam-Webster lexicographic first-use record for clew
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun sense 1
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon for the literal ball-of-thread sense; no underlying Old or Middle English object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
105SOURCE REPORT
conscience13th centuryestablished
conscience
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, moral-awareness sense
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A lexicographic first-use report, not a directly inspected medieval object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
106SOURCE REPORT
dialogue13th centuryestablished
dialogue
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A secondary lexicographic century report, not a directly inspected medieval object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
107SOURCE REPORT
direct14th centuryestablished
direct
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for direct
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, verb
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fourteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
108SOURCE REPORT
doughbefore the 12th centuryestablished
dough
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for dough
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon; no underlying Old English manuscript object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
109SOURCE REPORT
female14th centuryestablished
female
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for female
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
110SOURCE REPORT
fiendebeginning of the 1300sestablished
fiande / fiände
Skåne-Lagen first-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Old Swedish
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- SO HISTORY, first attested line
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
SO reports the Old Swedish forms and dates the word to the beginning of the 1300s in Skåne-Lagen. The report was inspected; no law-manuscript object was directly inspected, and the date is not converted into a false point year.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
111SOURCE REPORT
figure13th centuryestablished
figure
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for figure
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying medieval object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
112SOURCE REPORT
fīanteighth century; source-reportedestablished
fīant
Old High German headword horizon
- LANGUAGE
- Old High German
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Pfeifer etymology, fīant and fījant
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
DWDS/Pfeifer reports the forms from the eighth century. No token, manuscript object, or exact first year was inspected, so the century is not converted into a false point date.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
113SOURCE REPORT
girl14th centuryestablished
girl
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for girl
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
114SOURCE REPORT
hospitality14th centuryestablished
hospitality
Merriam-Webster lexicographic first-use record for hospitality
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, reception-of-guests sense
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century; no underlying medieval witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
115SOURCE REPORT
hostelFirst known use reported as the 14th centuryestablished
hostel
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for hostel
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century. No underlying fourteenth-century primary object was directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
116SOURCE REPORT
human15th centuryestablished
human
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for human
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
117SOURCE REPORT
humble13th centuryestablished
humble
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for humble
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying medieval object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
118SOURCE REPORT
humility14th century first known useestablished
humility
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Word History: First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying medieval object was directly inspected, and the horizon is not treated as a coinage date.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
119SOURCE REPORT
husband13th centuryestablished
husband
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for husband
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
120SOURCE REPORT
intellect14th centuryestablished
intellect
Merriam-Webster lexicographic first-use record for intellect
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, capacity-for-knowledge sense
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century; no underlying medieval witness was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
121SOURCE REPORT
ladybefore the 12th centuryestablished
lady
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for lady
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon; no underlying manuscript object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
122SOURCE REPORT
legible15th centuryestablished
legible
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A secondary lexicographic century report, not a directly inspected early printed or manuscript object.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
123SOURCE REPORT
lessonFirst known use reported as the 13th centuryestablished
lesson
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for lesson
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported century for the noun. No specific medieval manuscript was directly inspected in this tranche.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
124SOURCE REPORT
loafbefore the 12th centuryestablished
loaf
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for the loaf noun
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon; no underlying medieval object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
125SOURCE REPORT
lordbefore the 12th centuryestablished
lord
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for lord
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon; no underlying manuscript object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
126SOURCE REPORT
male14th centuryestablished
male
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for male
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
127SOURCE REPORT
manbefore the 12th centuryestablished
man
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for man
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon; no underlying manuscript object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
128SOURCE REPORT
person13th centuryestablished
person
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for person
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
129SOURCE REPORT
prescient1620sprobable
prescient
Online Etymology Dictionary source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- Headword opening chronology
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A secondary lexicographic decade report, not a directly inspected seventeenth-century object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
130SOURCE REPORT
prologue14th centuryestablished
prologue
Merriam-Webster source-reported English record
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
A secondary lexicographic century report, not a directly inspected medieval object or proof of coinage.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
131SOURCE REPORT
proverb14th centuryestablished
proverb
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for proverb
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun (1)
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fourteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
132SOURCE REPORT
realm13th centuryestablished
realm
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for realm
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying thirteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
133SOURCE REPORT
regal15th centuryestablished
regal
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for regal
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fifteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
134SOURCE REPORT
regular14th centuryestablished
regular
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for regular
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fourteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
135SOURCE REPORT
regulate15th centuryestablished
regulate
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for regulate
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, verb
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fifteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
136SOURCE REPORT
richbefore 12th centuryestablished
rich
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for rich
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record located by current scholarship; no underlying Old English object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
137SOURCE REPORT
rightbefore 12th centuryestablished
right
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for right
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record located by current scholarship; no underlying Old English object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
138SOURCE REPORT
royal14th centuryestablished
royal
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for royal
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fourteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
139SOURCE REPORT
rule13th centuryestablished
rule
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for rule
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying thirteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
140SOURCE REPORT
tenFirst known use reported as before the 12th centuryestablished
ten
Merriam-Webster first-known-use record for ten
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported medieval horizon. SET-U did not inspect a particular underlying Old English manuscript for this record.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
141SOURCE REPORT
treebefore 12th centuryestablished
tree
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for tree
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record located by current scholarship; no underlying Old English object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
142SOURCE REPORT
troth12th centuryestablished
troth
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for troth
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying twelfth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
143SOURCE REPORT
truce13th centuryestablished
truce
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for truce
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying thirteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
144SOURCE REPORT
truebefore 12th centuryestablished
true
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for true
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record located by current scholarship; no underlying Old English object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
145SOURCE REPORT
trust12th centuryestablished
trust
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for trust
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying twelfth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
146SOURCE REPORT
truthbefore 12th centuryestablished
truth
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for truth
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record located by current scholarship; no underlying Old English object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
147SOURCE REPORT
verb14th centuryestablished
verb
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for verb
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fourteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
148SOURCE REPORT
verbal15th centuryestablished
verbal
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for verbal
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adjective
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fifteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
149SOURCE REPORT
verbatim15th centuryestablished
verbatim
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for adverbial verbatim
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, adverb
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Century-level source report; no underlying fifteenth-century object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
150SOURCE REPORT
wifebefore the 12th centuryestablished
wife
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for wife
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon; no underlying manuscript object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
151SOURCE REPORT
womanbefore the 12th centuryestablished
woman
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for woman
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported horizon; no underlying manuscript object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
152SOURCE REPORT
wordbefore 12th centuryestablished
word
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report for word
- LANGUAGE
- Present-Day English
- WITNESS TYPE
- Lexicographic first-use report
- LOCATOR
- First Known Use, noun
- FACSIMILE
- Not linked
Source-reported earliest written record located by current scholarship; no underlying Old English object was directly inspected.
NOT DIRECTLY INSPECTEDOPEN WITNESS RECORD ↗
02
THE PROMOTION RULE
FROM REPORT TO OBJECT
A dictionary, corpus, or study reports a form or first-use date. Useful—but not the underlying object.
A manuscript, inscription, printed book, periodical, newspaper, or playbill preserves the occurrence.
Repository, shelfmark, page or folio, quoted form, and stable facsimile link make the inspection repeatable.
An editor checks the image itself and records only what that object proves—never more.