PERMANENT SOURCE RECORD
ALL SOURCES ↗BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYtio-saenz-old-english-weak-verbs
SOURCE
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scholarly monographtio-saenz-old-english-weak-verbs
The Lemmatisation of Old English Weak Verbs on a Relational Database
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Marta Tío Sáenz
- YEAR
- 2019
- PUBLISHER
- Universidad de La Rioja
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- scholarly monograph
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
011
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
RANK 27GRADE Asupports
The Old English verb survives most visibly as an enemy.
The located weak-verb corpus inventory gives hettan only one form: hettende. Bosworth–Toller records that surface family repeatedly under hettend, “enemy” or “antagonist,” including Genesis and the Phoenix. The verb is therefore not a neat recovered paradigm; it is a lemma inferred at the edge between action, agent, and lexicalized foe.
*ḱeh₂d-
*ḱeh₂d- → *ḱh₂d-es- → *hatiz- → *xatjanan → hettan
p. 255, hettan: hettendeShows the single form listed under the weak-verb lemma.
hettan dossier ↗truth record ↗89UNVEILING
022
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
opensupportsprobable
Is hettende a verbal participle or a lexical noun meaning enemy?
The evidence supports both analyses in different editorial systems. Tío Sáenz lemmatizes hettende under hettan; Clark Hall calls it a participle of hatian; Bosworth–Toller lists hettende among the forms of the masculine noun hettend, “enemy.”
p. 255, hettan: hettendeAssigns hettende to the hettan verb lemma.
resolvedsupportsestablished
Is the infinitive hettan directly attested in the located corpus inventory?
No. Tío Sáenz’s full-corpus weak-verb inventory lists the lemma as hettan but gives only hettende beneath it. The dossier therefore labels hettan a normalized lexicographic lemma rather than quoting an unattested infinitive token.
p. 255, hettan: hettendeShows that the located inventory supplies the headword only with hettende.
031
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
EDGE 1114supportsprobable
hettan → *xatjanan
Old English → Proto-Germanic · inheritance
- SOUND
- The j-conditioned Germanic stem accounts for Old English fronting of a to e and the geminate spelling in hettan; the displayed infinitive is a normalized lemma rather than a quoted corpus token.
- MEANING
- The compared Germanic verb family ranges across hate, pursuit, attack, and persecution, but the priority of those senses is unresolved.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Vladimir Orel · Chr. Peeters · Marta Tío Sáenz
p. 255, hettan: hettendeThe full-corpus lemmatisation inventory assigns the one located form to hettan.
041
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
hettanSOURCE-REPORTED
hettan
Dictionary of Old English Corpus form type lemmatized by Tío Sáenz
OPEN WITNESS 239 ↗051
COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
hettende
Old Englishthe only form placed under hettan in the located weak-verb corpus inventory
062
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
stage 2supports
Old English textual traditions
Restricts the located verbal inventory to one form.
p. 255, hettan: hettende · broadstage 3context
Historical and corpus lexicography
Explains the corpus lemmatisation method and its hettan assignment.
methodology pp. 119–121 and inventory p. 255 · global070
NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
081
WORD-FAMILY REUSE
DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE
1 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.