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THE GRAPH.
Find a modern word—or search sideways through reconstructed roots, historical forms, meanings, languages, scholars, sources, claims, disputes, and witnesses.
013
MODERN ENTRY POINTS
WORD DOSSIERS
adjectiveexact headword
regal
Of, relating to, or suitable for a monarch; borrowed through French or directly from Latin rēgālis.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗adjectivehistorical-form prefix
royal
Of a monarch, crown, or kingdom; borrowed through Anglo-French from Latin rēgālis and rēx.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗noun · verbcontrarian claim
king
An inherited English title continuing Old English cyning and reconstructed Germanic *kuninga-, a formation built on the Germanic kin or lineage base.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗024
ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY
HISTORICAL FORMS
●
Present-Day English / Indo-European
regal
of, relating to, or suitable for a monarch
- DATE
- 15th century–today
- MATCH
- exact historical form
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Middle English / Indo-European
regal
royal, kingly
- DATE
- Middle English
- MATCH
- exact historical form
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Old French / Indo-European
regal
royal, kingly
- DATE
- Old French
- MATCH
- exact historical form
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Latin / Indo-European
rēgālis
kingly, royal
- DATE
- Latin
- MATCH
- historical-form prefix
- DOSSIERS
- 2
035
WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED
CLAIMS & DISPUTES
SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 3
openprobableexact word
Which medieval channel delivered regal into English?
The Latin source is secure, but the immediate channel remains plural in the reviewed authorities: American Heritage gives Old French, while Merriam-Webster allows Anglo-French or Latin.
resolvedestablishedexact word
Are regal and royal the same English borrowing?
No. They are separate medieval English arrivals that converge on Latin rēgālis and rēx.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Did royal and regal enter English through one identical route?
No. Both descend from Latin rēgālis, but royal crosses through Anglo-French roial or real while regal has Old French, Anglo-French, and direct-Latin transmission reported by different authorities.
CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 2
RANK 162GRADE Aexact ranked word
Regal and royal are two arrivals from one king adjective.
The English paths differ, but both reach Latin rēgālis and rēx. Their synonymy reflects shared ancestry, not one modern word copied from the other.
RANK 20GRADE Aranked reveal
King is a kin-word, not a royal word.
English king continues Old English cyning and Germanic *kuninga-, built on the kin or lineage base *kunja-. Latin rēx, royal, and regal belong to a different root—and even “leader of the kin” overstates the disputed original Germanic sense.
042
BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES
SOURCES
051
FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS
ATTESTATION WITNESSES
06
SEARCH IS DISCOVERY, NOT PROOF
EVERY RESULT OPENS A PERMANENT EVIDENCE RECORD.
Matching text only locates a record. It does not raise confidence, settle a dispute, establish cognacy, or turn a source report into direct inspection. Follow the result into its citations and editorial limits.