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WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT
Imported dictionary evidence
These are source reports, not reviewed *SET-U ancestry. A list of templates or numbered etymologies is not an ancestor chain. Scholarly disagreements remain in the original source text.
35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset
PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCALNo exact match for “Arred” in this partial English subset. That does not mean the full research corpus—or linguistic scholarship—has no record. Check the original dictionary entry ↗
INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY
More sources for this spelling
These are spelling matches, not a claim of identical senses or agreement. Historical accounts retain their own editions and limits; none is automatically promoted into reviewed ancestry.
Mayhew–Skeat (1888)
1888; pinned HTML transcription updated October 28, 2024Arred
No extractable etymology was found for this exact spelling. Open the original dictionary entry ↗
Read the complete entry and references ↗ · Contribute a cited dossier
011
MODERN ENTRY POINTS
WORD DOSSIERS
020
ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY
HISTORICAL FORMS
No reviewed record in this collection contains “arred.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.
039
WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED
CLAIMS & DISPUTES
SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 7
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is *frijōnd- an attested Proto-Germanic spelling?
No. It is a normalized reconstruction behind a published cross-Germanic cognate set.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is Köbler's hėti* a prehistoric proto-form?
No. It is the starred normalized headword of an Old Saxon dictionary entry whose own B field lists written Old Saxon heti and hetias; the entry separately labels Germanic *hati-, *hatiz as its etymology.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Was earthling an attested original word for human?
No. Earthling is a modern gloss for reconstructed *(dh)ghom-on-, not a surviving Proto-Indo-European inscription.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is Köbler's hōti* a Proto-Germanic reconstruction?
No. It is the starred headword of an Old Saxon entry whose B field lists Heliand forms; the entry separately labels Germanic *hwōtja- as etymology.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is *deru- a written ancestral word?
No. The asterisk marks a reconstructed comparative form rather than an attested token.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Does Dutch still preserve the inherited hate verb behind vijand?
Not as the corresponding inherited verb. ONW says the verb matching Old High German fīēn and Gothic fijan is no longer known in Dutch.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is *werh1- an attested first human word?
No. The asterisk marks a comparative reconstruction, and the reviewed source stops at the speaking root rather than identifying any spoken first word.
CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 2
RANK 50GRADE Acontrarian claim
The hostile adjective may belong to whet and threat, not hate—and its starred lemma still has a nominative.
Köbler's Old Saxon entry reports five written readings at three Heliand loci, including nominative hotie, huotia, and huoti, yet heads the entry hōti*. The asterisk therefore cannot be explained away as “no nominative survives.” More radically, the sources split at the root. UT groups hōti with hatōn and heti under the inherited hate etymon k̑ād-. Köbler's same entry cross-references hatōn but reconstructs a different *hwōtja- adjective beside *hwōtō “threat” and Pokorny's *kʷē̆d- / *kʷō̆d- family of boring, pricking, sharpening, whetting, and inciting. Munich hotie and hotean are directly visible in contexts of hostile minds and hostile intent; Cotton huotia, huotian, and huoti remain source-reported. The unveiling is not “hostility secretly means sharpened hate.” It is that rigorous etymology sometimes reveals two irreconcilable maps where a flat dictionary would print one arrow.
RANK 158GRADE Acontrarian claim
A starred Gothic lemma can still be manuscript-attested.
Project Wulfila writes *liufs because the normalized citation form is inferred from inflections. Forms such as liuba and liubans survive in named codices, so this is not the same kind of star as Proto-Germanic *leubaz.
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BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES
SOURCES
No reviewed record in this collection contains “arred.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.
050
FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS
ATTESTATION WITNESSES
No reviewed record in this collection contains “arred.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.
06
SEARCH IS DISCOVERY, NOT PROOF
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