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START / NODE 369Present-Day English1600–today
llama
An English animal name borrowed through Spanish from Quechua llama.
“The animal llama and Spanish llama “flame” only look identical. The animal word came from Quechua; the fire word belongs to a separate Latin family.”OPEN COMPLETE WORD DOSSIER ↗
EVERY REVIEWED PARENT, NOT ONE EDITORIAL PATH
FOLLOW EVERY BRANCH.
Compound components and competing routes stay separate. Every arrow retains its sound change, semantic change, scholar, confidence, and exact sources.
01
PARENT ROUTES1 REVIEWED RELATIONSHIP
Present-Day Englishllama
the South American camelid
↑GO DEEPER
Spanish · colonial and modern Spanishllamallama; Andean camelid
- SOUND CHANGE
- English retains the Spanish spelling while adapting pronunciation.
- SEMANTIC CHANGE
- The animal name remains stable through the borrowing.
- SCHOLAR
- Merriam-Webster editors
- CONFIDENCE
- established
- CHRONOLOGY
- English first-known-use report: 1600.
THE ASTERISK IS A PROMISE
RECONSTRUCTION IS
NOT INSCRIPTION.
Crossing into a starred form changes the evidence class. The interface marks that crossing, preserves confidence, and never manufactures the next root to make the picture look complete.