*SET-U

CANONICAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

TRACE A WORD ↗
NODE / 0313reconstructedProto-Finnic

*sakna

sauna; proposed earlier stove reference

DATE
Proto-Finnic reconstruction
SENSE
sauna stove building
FAMILY
Uralic / Finnic
CANONICAL KEY
node:37:sakna:reconstructed:sense:sauna-stove-building

Kallio reconstructs *sakna; the dating is intentionally broad and the earlier stove sense belongs to the proposed Germanic analysis.

*

This form is reconstructed by comparison. It is not directly attested in this exact written form.

01

ANCESTRAL EDGES

ROOT OF THIS ROOT

1
GO DEEPERproposed borrowingproposed
Palaeo-Germanic · Palaeo-Germanic reconstruction · pile stack stove

*stagh-ná-

pile or stack; proposed source of a stone-pile stove term

SOUND
Kallio compares Proto-Finnic *sakna with Palaeo-Germanic *stagh-ná- as an ancient borrowing adapted to Finnic phonotactics.
MEANING
A Germanic pile or stack term is proposed to have named a stone-pile stove, then the sauna containing it.
CHRONOLOGY
Proposed prehistoric borrowing before attested Finnish.
SCHOLAR
Petri Kallio · Jussi Ylikoski
CONFIDENCE
proposed — Kotus says the Germanic proposal has gained support; Ylikoski also records explicit scholarly skepticism.
SaunasupportsAnswer — Germanic origin has gained support

Reports the proposal and its pile or stone-stove semantic bridge.

ORIGINAL ↗
The Etymology of Finnish sauna “Sauna”supportspp. 313–319; Palaeo-Germanic comparison

Publishes the ancient Germanic loan proposal.

ORIGINAL ↗
Suomen kiuas, karjalan kiukua ja havaintoja etymologian tutkimusperinteestächallengesDiscussion of Kallio 2008 and LÄGLOS response

Records that LÄGLOS treats the etymology skeptically while Koivulehto saw no problem.

ORIGINAL ↗
OPEN CANONICAL EDGE 303 ↗
02

DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES

THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP

1
DESCENDANTinheritanceprobable
Finnish · Finnish · bath building

sauna

sauna; bathhouse

SOUND
Modern Finnish sauna continues reconstructed Proto-Finnic *sakna through Finnic sound development; the intermediate changes are not over-specified here.
MEANING
The sauna or bath-building sense continues, while an earlier stove reference remains tied to the deeper proposal.
CHRONOLOGY
Proto-Finnic prehistory to attested Finnish.
SCHOLAR
Petri Kallio · Kotus editors
CONFIDENCE
probable — The Finnish form is attested and the Proto-Finnic form is comparative reconstruction.
SaunasupportsAnswer — Finnic distribution and Germanic proposal

Documents the Finnish word and its close Finnic distribution.

ORIGINAL ↗
The Etymology of Finnish sauna “Sauna”supportspp. 313–319; Proto-Finnic *sakna analysis

Publishes the reconstructed Finnic form used in the proposed account.

ORIGINAL ↗
OPEN CANONICAL EDGE 302 ↗
03

TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE

EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE

2

This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.

UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
2
REVIEWED EDGES
2
DEEPEST PATH
2
MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
1
sauna2 connected nodes
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01inheritanceprobable
Proto-Finnic*sakna→Finnish · Finnishsaunasauna; bathhouse
SOUND
Modern Finnish sauna continues reconstructed Proto-Finnic *sakna through Finnic sound development; the intermediate changes are not over-specified here.
MEANING
The sauna or bath-building sense continues, while an earlier stove reference remains tied to the deeper proposal.
Petri Kallio · Kotus editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 302 ↗
Sauna · Answer — Finnic distribution and Germanic proposal ↗The Etymology of Finnish sauna “Sauna” · pp. 313–319; Proto-Finnic *sakna analysis ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE

“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.

04

RECORDED EVIDENCE

ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE

0
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.

That is expected for a reconstructed form: the node is inferred from comparison, not quoted from a surviving occurrence.

05

EDITORIAL REUSE

WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE

1
03sauna*sakna · established