WITNESS / 531
ALL WITNESSES ↗PERMANENT ATTESTATION RECORDWITNESS / 531
OBJECT
BEFORE
CLAIM.
THE IMAGE WAS CHECKED.
The Electronic Beowulf line control aligned verse 1018 to folio 152r, and the folio image was directly inspected. The pixels visibly preserve freondum between wæs and afylled. This establishes an inflected written form and local hall-company context; it does not establish the poem’s composition date, first use, every participant’s social relationship, or reconstructed ancestry.
Old Englishlate 10th or early 11th centuryestablished
frēond
Beowulf manuscript, Heorot filled with friends
“Heorot innan wæs freondum afylled”
- WITNESS TYPE
- Manuscript
- YEAR
- 1000
- LOCATOR
- Cotton MS Vitellius A XV, fol. 152r; Electronic Beowulf alignment at verse 1018
- REPOSITORY
- British Library
- SHELFMARK / OBJECT ID
- Cotton MS Vitellius A XV, fol. 152r
- FACSIMILE
- Linked below
- DIRECT INSPECTION
- Yes
- CONFIDENCE
- established
WORD DOSSIERfrēond ↗
CANONICAL FORM NODENODE 1311 ↗
INSPECTED FACSIMILEOPEN OBJECT ↗
01
REPEATABLE VISUAL REVIEW
THE INSPECTION LEDGER
OBSERVED FORMfreondum
“Heorot innan wæs freondum afylled”
- INSPECTION DATE
- 2026-08-28
- METHOD
- visual facsimile
- INSPECTOR ROLE
- SET-U editorial review
- EXACT LOCATOR
- Cotton MS Vitellius A XV, fol. 152r; Electronic Beowulf line control aligned at verse 1018; visible manuscript line containing Heorot innan wæs freondum afylled
- CLAIM LIMIT
- Verifies the visible manuscript sequence freondum afylled on folio 152r after Electronic Beowulf aligns the passage to verse 1018. The object supports one dative-plural written form and local hall-company context; it does not establish an earliest use, poem-composition date, every referent’s exact relationship, the whole Old English semantic inventory, modern friendship norms, or reconstructed ancestry.
02
BIBLIOGRAPHIC PROVENANCE
THE SOURCE BEHIND THE CLAIM
- TITLE
- Cotton MS Vitellius A XV, folio 152r — Electronic Beowulf facsimile
- AUTHOR
- British Library · Kevin Kiernan, editor
- YEAR
- 2026
- PUBLISHER
- British Library · University of Kentucky College of Arts & Sciences
- SOURCE TYPE
- digitized primary source
- CITATION KEY
- electronic-beowulf-152r