PERMANENT SOURCE RECORD
ALL SOURCES ↗BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYmed-kin
SOURCE
RECORD.
One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.
6 PUBLIC LINKS INTO THE GRAPH.
This count excludes duplicate dossier-path citations. Open the claims below to see exactly how the source is used.
historical dictionarymed-kin
Kin n. — Middle English Dictionary
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Robert E. Lewis et al. · Frances McSparran et al.
- YEAR
- 2001
- PUBLISHER
- University of Michigan Library
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- historical dictionary
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
010
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
No ranked contrarian reveal currently cites this source.
021
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
resolvedsupportsestablished
Did kin always mean only blood relatives?
No. Old and Middle English records include kind, race, people, tribe, nation, lineage, generation, progeny, gender, species, category, and family. The modern relatives sense is a semantic narrowing, not the whole ancestral meaning.
MED24246, senses 1–5Documents medieval race, people, family, ancestry, relative, kind, category, and manner senses.
032
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
EDGE 1054contextestablished
kin → kin / kyn / kun
Present-Day English → Middle English · historical continuation
- SOUND
- Middle English kin survives as the modern spelling and pronunciation after competing medieval variants recede; no unsupported single dialect is treated as the sole donor.
- MEANING
- The broad race, people, family, ancestry, kind, and category field narrows in ordinary modern use toward relatives, common ancestry, and kindred relationship.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster Editors · Middle English Dictionary Editors
MED24246, Forms and senses 1–5Documents the medieval spelling and semantic range inherited into modern English.
EDGE 1055supportsestablished
kin / kyn / kun → cynn
Middle English → Old English · inheritance
- SOUND
- Middle English kin, kyn, kinne, and related forms continue Old English cynn; y is commonly unrounded toward i and the inherited long consonant ceases to be contrastively represented in the modern monosyllable.
- MEANING
- Old English kindred, race, people, tribe, family, lineage, generation, kind, and gender senses continue unevenly into the medieval kin family.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Middle English Dictionary Editors · Joseph Bosworth · T. Northcote Toller
MED24246, Forms, Etymology: OE cyn, and senses 1–5Publishes the Middle English variants, direct Old English ancestry, and broad sense inventory.
041
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
kinSOURCE-REPORTED
kin / kyn / kun
Ormulum kin quotation in the Middle English Dictionary
OPEN WITNESS 217 ↗050
COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
No comparative-relative record currently cites this source.
062
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
stage 4supports
Middle English records
Publishes the medieval forms, direct Old English ancestry, senses, and located quotations.
MED24246, Forms, Etymology, and dated quotations · broadstage 5context
Global English
Documents the broader medieval field against which the modern semantic narrowing is measured.
MED24246, senses 1–5 · global070
NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
081
WORD-FAMILY REUSE
DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE
2 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.