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One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.
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Codex Argenteus facsimile 31 — folio 27r, Matthew 10:34–40
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Uppsala University Library · Project Codex Argenteus Online
- YEAR
- 1927
- PUBLISHER
- Project Codex Argenteus Online
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- digitized primary source
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
Enemy is a fossilized hater—but lexicalization does not make every token transparent.
Project Wulfila lists 26 candidates under the Gothic enemy noun and 42 under the verb fijan; exactly 21 surface tokens belong to both inventories. Ayora Estevan explains why: Proto-Germanic had already lexicalized one who hates as enemy, while Gothic retained the productive participle. The five noun-only tokens are directly inspected; the 21-token overlap remains public instead of being counted twice as certainty.
*peh₁- → *fi(j)ēn- → *fi(j)and- → fijands
Folio 27r, fijandsProvides a third directly inspected noun-only token.
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
Does the Codex Argenteus route map the geographic spread of fijands?
No. Werden, Prague, Stockholm, Holland, and Uppsala trace custody of evidence objects long after Gothic ceased to be a living vernacular in those places.
Folio 27r facsimileIdentifies the third inspected noun-only token.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
fijands
Codex Argenteus, Matthew 10:36
OPEN WITNESS 309 ↗COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
Ravenna
Supplies the inspected Matthew 10:36 fijands token.
Facsimile 31, fol. 27r · regionalNON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
WORD-FAMILY REUSE