PERMANENT SOURCE RECORD
ALL SOURCES ↗BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYahd-lay
SOURCE
RECORD.
One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.
8 PUBLIC LINKS INTO THE GRAPH.
This count excludes duplicate dossier-path citations. Open the claims below to see exactly how the source is used.
historical dictionaryahd-lay
American Heritage Dictionary: lay
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- American Heritage Dictionary Editors
- YEAR
- 2022
- PUBLISHER
- HarperCollins
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- historical dictionary
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
011
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
RANK 74GRADE Asupports
Lay and law are cousins; the other lays are strangers.
The set-down verb and law meet at *legh-. Lay the poem and lay meaning non-clerical arrived through different French, Latin, and Greek histories.
*legh-
*legh- → *lagojanan → lecgan → leggen / leyen → lay
Separate etymologies for the verb, poem noun, and non-clerical adjectiveDocuments the unrelated homonyms.
lay dossier ↗truth record ↗86UNVEILING
022
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
resolvedsupportsestablished
Are all English words spelled lay one historical word?
No. The set-down verb is inherited from Old English lecgan; the poem noun and non-clerical adjective come through distinct French, Latin, and Greek histories.
Separate verb, poem noun, and non-clerical adjective etymologiesDirectly separates the homonyms and their histories.
resolvedsupportsestablished
Are lay and lie simply the same verb?
They are historically related but grammatically distinct inherited verbs: lay is transitive and causative, while lie is intransitive; lay is also the standard past tense of lie, which creates modern ambiguity.
Usage Note and Word History for lay and lieDocuments the transitive-intransitive distinction and historical relationship.
032
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
EDGE 510supportsestablished
lay → leggen / leyen
Present-Day English → Middle English · historical continuation
- SOUND
- Middle English leggen / leyen stabilizes as lay while pronunciation and spelling converge on the modern form.
- MEANING
- Putting or setting down remains central while many constructions and figurative uses develop.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster · Etymonline · American Heritage editors
Word History: Middle English leienIndependently documents the same stage.
EDGE 511supportsestablished
leggen / leyen → lecgan
Middle English → Old English · inheritance
- SOUND
- Old English lecgan continues into Middle English with palatal and spelling developments represented by leggen and leyen.
- MEANING
- The causative set-down meaning remains stable.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster · Etymonline · American Heritage editors
Etymology: Old English lecganIndependently documents the inherited route.
040
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
No lexical witness currently cites this source.
051
COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
lie
Englishintransitive grammatical relative in the same deep family
062
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
stage 3supports
Middle English England
Documents the Middle English continuation.
Word History: Middle English leien from Old English lecgan · regionalstage 4supports
Global English
Documents the continuing verb while separating the poem and non-clerical homonyms.
Verb history and homonym entries · global070
NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
081
WORD-FAMILY REUSE
DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE
2 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.