*SET-U

PERMANENT DISPUTE RECORD

ALL DISPUTES ↗
CLAIM / COUNTERCLAIM / LIMITRECORD 165

DISPUTE
RECORD.

One scholarly question. Every attached source. The present editorial state, without pretending the last word has been written.

resolvedestablished

Are lay and lie simply the same verb?

They are historically related but grammatically distinct inherited verbs: lay is transitive and causative, while lie is intransitive; lay is also the standard past tense of lie, which creates modern ambiguity.

WORD UNDER REVIEWDISPUTE 165

lay

/leɪ/ · verb

To put, place, or set down; an inherited causative verb in the same deep lie-and-lay family that produced law.

01

DIRECT CLAIM EVIDENCE

2 SOURCES WITH A STANCE

A citation is not a vote. Each record says whether the work supports, challenges, contradicts, or contextualizes the position—and identifies the exact locus used.

02 / EDITORIAL STATE

THE CURRENT RECORD IS RESOLVED.

CONFIDENCE
established
STATUS
resolved
LEGACY SOURCE SUMMARY
American Heritage documents the historical relationship and the long-standing usage distinction.
RESOLUTION NOTE

The graph connects the word family without collapsing the modern lexemes or their grammatical roles.