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BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYahd-hatred

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historical dictionaryahd-hatred

Hatred — definition and etymology

AUTHOR / EDITOR
American Heritage Dictionary Editors
YEAR
2022
PUBLISHER
HarperCollins Publishers
DOI
Not recorded
SOURCE TYPE
historical dictionary
EXTERNAL RECORD
OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
3CANONICAL EDGES
0WITNESSES
0COMPARISONS
0CONTEXT LINKS
1RANKED REVEALS
1DISPUTES
1JOURNEY STAGES
1WORD DOSSIERS
01

CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS

RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE

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RANK 24GRADE Asupports

Hatred is medieval—and its -red means neither red nor “more.”

Middle English assembled hate with a dying native element for a state or condition. The compound is younger than its parts; below the secure Germanic hate family, even the celebrated PIE root remains a qualified and semantically difficult proposal.

*ḱeh₂d-

*ḱeh₂d- → *ḱh₂d-es- → *hatiz- → hete → hate → hatrede / hatreden / hateredyn → hatred

Bracketed etymology

Independently confirms hate plus the condition suffix.

hatred dossier ↗truth record ↗89UNVEILING
02

SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT

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CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS

EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE

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EDGE 1084supportsestablished

hatred → hatrede / hatreden / hateredyn

Present-Day English → Middle English · historical continuation

SOUND
Middle English hatrede / hatreden loses the final suffixal syllable while the reduced -red spelling and /rɪd/ pronunciation become fixed in modern English.
MEANING
The medieval state or condition of hate continues as intense animosity, hostility, or extreme dislike; countable hatreds later names particular hostilities.
SCHOLAR / EDITOR
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors · Anatoly Liberman
Bracketed etymology and modern definition

Independently documents Middle English composition and present meaning.

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EDGE 1085supportsestablished

hatrede / hatreden / hateredyn → hate

Middle English → Middle English · compound component

SOUND
The first element of Middle English hate-rede is hate. This component edge is morphological analysis, not a claim that the whole compound changed into the bare noun.
MEANING
Hate supplies the emotion or hostility whose condition the compound names.
SCHOLAR / EDITOR
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors
Bracketed etymology: hate plus -rede

Independently segments the first component.

OPEN THE PERMANENT CLAIM ↗
EDGE 1091supportsestablished

hatrede / hatreden / hateredyn → -rede / -reden

Middle English → Middle English · compound component

SOUND
The second element of hate-rede is Middle English -rede / -reden; this is morphological decomposition, not whole-word sound change.
MEANING
The condition or state suffix turns hate into the state or condition of hate.
SCHOLAR / EDITOR
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors · Elizabeth Closs Traugott
Bracketed etymology: -rede, condition

Independently identifies the component.

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04

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05

COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE

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0
No comparative-relative record currently cites this source.
06

GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS

JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE

1
stage 5supports

Global English

Documents current meaning and opaque historical composition.

hatred→hatred
Modern definition and bracketed etymology · global
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NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS

HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE

0
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
08

WORD-FAMILY REUSE

DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE

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hatred5 CLAIM LINKS↗

2 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.