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WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT
Imported dictionary evidence
These are source reports, not reviewed *SET-U ancestry. A list of templates or numbered etymologies is not an ancestor chain. Scholarly disagreements remain in the original source text.
35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset
PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCALNo exact match for “Armen” in this partial English subset. That does not mean the full research corpus—or linguistic scholarship—has no record. Check the original dictionary entry ↗
INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY
More sources for this spelling
These are spelling matches, not a claim of identical senses or agreement. Historical accounts retain their own editions and limits; none is automatically promoted into reviewed ancestry.
Mayhew–Skeat (1888)
1888; pinned HTML transcription updated October 28, 2024Armen
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Read the complete entry and references ↗ · Contribute a cited dossier
012
MODERN ENTRY POINTS
WORD DOSSIERS
nounhistorical form
poncho
An English borrowing from American Spanish whose deeper source remains disputed between Mapuche evidence and a Spanish-internal analysis.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗adjective · adverbcontrarian claim
ստոյգ
The classical Armenian word for true, certain, real, or genuine, compared by Indo-European etymologists with the Greek true-word family.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗025
ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY
HISTORICAL FORMS
●
Old English / Indo-European
gierela
garment
- DATE
- Old English
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 0
Spanish / Indo-European
pocho / poncho
faded, discolored; proposed source family for the garment word
- DATE
- historical Spanish candidate
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 0
Present-Day English / Indo-European
poncho
a blanket-like sleeveless garment with a head opening
- DATE
- 1717–today
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Spanish / Indo-European
poncho
poncho; sleeveless blanket-like garment
- DATE
- American Spanish from at least 1530
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Armenian / Indo-European
ստոյգ
stoygtrue, just, certain, sure, real, authentic
- DATE
- Classical Armenian record–later Armenian
- MATCH
- language
- DOSSIERS
- 1
034
WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED
CLAIMS & DISPUTES
SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 3
openproposedposition text
Does girl have a securely known Old English ancestor?
No. American Heritage labels the origin unknown; the Middle English Dictionary marks *gyrela and a gierela garment comparison as uncertain.
openproposedposition text
Is Armenian ստոյգ an uncontested cognate of ἔτυμος and ἐτεός?
It is a published comparison that strengthens the *set-u- analysis, but the exact Armenian preform and common-base morphology remain proposed.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is classical ստոյգ identical to the modern written form?
The lexeme continues, but modern Eastern Armenian normally writes ստույգ; the dossier displays the classical form because that is the comparative form in the historical literature.
CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 1
RANK 194GRADE A-ranked reveal
A cognate can strengthen a reconstruction without proving it.
Armenian ստոյգ “true, real” is one reason the Greek *set-u- analysis is attractive; its own preform and the exact common morphology remain reconstructed.
042
BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES
SOURCES
lexical database5 CLAIM LINKS
Ստոյգ, ուգաց — Enriched Dictionaries of Armenian
Calfa Armenian Lexicography Project Editors / 2026
author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗scholarly dictionary4 CLAIM LINKS
Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon
Hrach K. Martirosyan / 2010
source titleAUDIT EVERY USE ↗051
FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS
ATTESTATION WITNESSES
06
SEARCH IS DISCOVERY, NOT PROOF
EVERY RESULT OPENS A PERMANENT EVIDENCE RECORD.
Matching text only locates a record. It does not raise confidence, settle a dispute, establish cognacy, or turn a source report into direct inspection. Follow the result into its citations and editorial limits.