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WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT

Imported dictionary evidence

SOURCE-IMPORTED · UNREVIEWED

These are source reports, not reviewed *SET-U ancestry. A list of templates or numbered etymologies is not an ancestor chain. Scholarly disagreements remain in the original source text.

35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset

PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCAL

2 source sections across 2 headwords matching “Issue”. These are separate from the reviewed results below.

Open the permanent entry for Issue →Open the permanent entry for issue →
IssueEnglish (en) · Unnumbered etymologySource text

From Free (“not enslaved”) Issue (“progeny”), "an antiquated designation for descendants of enslaved people who were freed before the Civil War", later applied to Monacans because Virginia laws for a time required births to be registered as either "White" or "Colored", erasing Indians, and clerks later haphazardly classified Monacans (even from the same mother and father) as "Mixed Indian", "Negro", or "Issue".

Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗
issueEnglish (en) · Unnumbered etymologySource text

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex- Latin eō Latin exeō Old French issir Old French issuebor. Middle English issue English issue From Middle English issue, from Old French issue (“an exit, a way out”), feminine past participle of issir (“to exit”), from Latin exeō (“go out, exit”), from prefix ex- (“out”) + eō (“go”). The legal meaning originated from the concept of "the end or result of pleadings in a suit (by presenting the point to be determined by trial)," leading to the sense of "the controversy over facts in a trial" (early 14th century, Anglo-French). This later extended to mean "a point of contention between two parties" (early 15th century) and more generally, "an important point to be decided" (1836). Consequently, the verbal phrase take issue with emerged in 1797 (preceded by join issue in the 1690s), meaning "to adopt an affirmative or negative stance in a dispute with another." The expression to have issues, meaning "to have unresolved conflicts," dates to 1990.

Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗

From Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Extraction source · CC-BY-SA-4.0. Selected source text is reformatted for display; language and section identity are retained.

Source dump: 2026-10-01 · Extraction: 2026-10-30. These dates identify a dump snapshot, not an individual page revision.

Snapshot checksums and coverage
SOURCE SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
CORPUS SHA-256
c4c2a77325141846709230e11c2959332acd630d53e52905b72d36211251b081
IMPORT RUN
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
SUBSET SELECTION
English-only: shortest normalized query first, then binary lexical order; complete word-language and case-variant groups only. This is a bounded online subset, not the full acquired corpus.

INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY

More sources for this spelling

These are spelling matches, not a claim of identical senses or agreement. Historical accounts retain their own editions and limits; none is automatically promoted into reviewed ancestry.

Browse the independently attributed sources →
5REVIEWED RESULTS
2WORD DOSSIERS
1HISTORICAL NODES
0SOURCES
2CLAIMS
0WITNESSES
01

MODERN ENTRY POINTS

WORD DOSSIERS

2
02

ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY

HISTORICAL FORMS

1
03

WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED

CLAIMS & DISPUTES

2

SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 2

openprobableposition text

Is modern vriend merely an etymologizing spelling of vrind?

WNT raises the historical spelling issue, but the route preserves both written and spoken evidence rather than reducing the standard word to one editorial intervention.

resolvedestablishedposition text

Does the asterisk in Project Wulfila’s lemma *liufs mean Gothic itself is reconstructed?

No. Project Wulfila links the normalized lemma to 33 inflected occurrences in surviving Gothic manuscripts. The citation form is inferred, while the lexeme and its inflections are attested.

CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 0

04

BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES

SOURCES

0

No reviewed record in this collection contains “issue.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.

05

FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS

ATTESTATION WITNESSES

0

No reviewed record in this collection contains “issue.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.

06

SEARCH IS DISCOVERY, NOT PROOF

EVERY RESULT OPENS A PERMANENT EVIDENCE RECORD.

Matching text only locates a record. It does not raise confidence, settle a dispute, establish cognacy, or turn a source report into direct inspection. Follow the result into its citations and editorial limits.