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WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT
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35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset
PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCAL2 source sections across 1 headword matching “Crowd”. These are separate from the reviewed results below.
crowdEnglish (en) · Etymology 1Source text
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *grewt-der. Proto-Germanic *krūdaną Proto-West Germanic *krūdan Old English crūdan Middle English crouden English crowd From Middle English crouden, from Old English crūdan, from Proto-West Germanic *krūdan, from Proto-Germanic *krūdaną, *kreudaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *grewt- (“to push; press”). Cognate with German Low German kroden (“to push, shove”), Dutch kruien (“to push, shove”). (group of people, mob): Compare typologically throng (<<~ Proto-Germanic *þrinhwaną); Czech dav (akin to Russian дави́ть (davítʹ), да́вка (dávka)); Polish ciżba, ścisk (<~ ciskać, akin to ти́скать (tískatʹ)); Polish tłok, Russian толчея́ (tolčejá) (akin to толка́ть (tolkátʹ)).
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗crowdEnglish (en) · Etymology 2Source text
Inherited from Middle English crowde, from Welsh crwth or a Celtic cognate.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY
More sources for this spelling
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Chambers (1908)
1908- CrowdEnglish · e-37683-6517
Crowd, krowd, n. a number of persons or things closely pressed together, without order: the rabble: multitude.—v.t. to gather into a lump or crowd: to fill by pressing or driving together: to compress.—v.i. to press on:
Read the full source record → - CrowdEnglish · e-37683-6518
Crowd, krowd, n. (obs.) an ancient musical instrument of the nature of the violin.—n. Crowd′er (obs.), a fiddler. [W. crwth, a hollow protuberance, a fiddle; Gael., Ir. cruit.]
Read the full source record →
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MODERN ENTRY POINTS
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ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY
HISTORICAL FORMS
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WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED
CLAIMS & DISPUTES
SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 0
CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 1
RANK 144GRADE Acontrarian claim
Emotion first moved crowds before it named inner feeling.
English emotion begins in disturbance, agitation, and social movement; strong feeling emerges later from the same movement-out family.
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FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS
ATTESTATION WITNESSES
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