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WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT
Imported dictionary evidence
These are source reports, not reviewed *SET-U ancestry. A list of templates or numbered etymologies is not an ancestor chain. Scholarly disagreements remain in the original source text.
35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset
PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCAL6 source sections across 2 headwords matching “Bun”. These are separate from the reviewed results below.
BunEnglish (en) · Unnumbered etymologySource text
Derived from Khmer ប៉ុន (pon).
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗bunEnglish (en) · Etymology 1Source text
From Middle English bunne (“wheat cake, bun”), from Anglo-Norman bugne (“bump on the head; fritter”), from Old French bugne (hence French beignet), from Frankish *bungjo (“little clump”), diminutive of *bungu (“lump, clump”), from Proto-Germanic *bungô, *bunkô (“clump, lump, heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognate with Dutch bonk (“clump, clot, cluster of fruits”). More at bunch.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗bunEnglish (en) · Etymology 1Source text
From Middle English bunne (“wheat cake, bun”), from Anglo-Norman bugne (“bump on the head; fritter”), from Old French bugne (hence French beignet), from Frankish *bungjo (“little clump”), diminutive of *bungu (“lump, clump”), from Proto-Germanic *bungô, *bunkô (“clump, lump, heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognate with Dutch bonk (“clump, clot, cluster of fruits”). More at bunch.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗bunEnglish (en) · Etymology 2Source text
Probably from Scots bun (“tail of a rabbit or hare”), which is probably from Scottish Gaelic bun (“bottom, butt, stump, stub”).
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗bunEnglish (en) · Etymology 3Source text
Caribbean pronunciation of burn.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗bunEnglish (en) · Etymology 4Source text
From the Revised Romanization of Korean 분 (bun), from Chinese 分 (fèn, “fen”). Doublet of fen.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY
More sources for this spelling
These are spelling matches, not a claim of identical senses or agreement. Historical accounts retain their own editions and limits; none is automatically promoted into reviewed ancestry.
Browse the independently attributed sources →012
MODERN ENTRY POINTS
WORD DOSSIERS
adjectivedossier summary
rich
Having wealth, abundance, value, or intensity; continuing a medieval convergence of English and French forms from a Germanic power word.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗nouncontrarian claim
ubuntu
A South African English borrowing associated with isiXhosa and isiZulu ubuntu “humanity, goodness,” morphologically connected to the human stem -ntu and, in Nguni analysis, an abstract-noun prefix ubu-.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗024
ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY
HISTORICAL FORMS
●
Present-Day English / Indo-European
rich
wealthy, abundant, valuable, or intense
- DATE
- before 12th century–today
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Present-Day English / Indo-European
ubuntu
human-heartedness, compassion, essential humanity; a philosophy associated with these qualities
- DATE
- 1926–today
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
isiZulu / Niger-Congo
ubuntu
humanity; goodness
- DATE
- Modern isiZulu
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
isiXhosa / Niger-Congo
ubuntu
humanity; goodness
- DATE
- Modern isiXhosa
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 0
033
WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED
CLAIMS & DISPUTES
SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 2
resolvedestablishedposition text
Did rich originally mean only possessing money?
No. Old English rīce is glossed strong or powerful, and the wider family centers on rule and kingship before the modern abundance field.
resolvedprobableposition text
Does ubuntu literally parse as “I am because we are”?
No at the level of word formation. The lexical sources analyze a human stem -ntu and an abstract-noun prefix ubu-; the familiar sentence is a philosophical gloss rather than a component-by-component translation.
CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 1
RANK 205GRADE B+ranked reveal
Its morphology is not a sentence.
Ubuntu is analyzed as an abstract-noun formation on the human stem -ntu. “I am because we are” is a philosophical gloss, not a literal morpheme-by-morpheme translation.
046
BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES
SOURCES
institutional lexicon20 CLAIM LINKS
hetzen — Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition, Herkunft
Dudenredaktion
source titleAUDIT EVERY USE ↗historical dictionary10 CLAIM LINKS
Ubuntu, noun
Dictionary of South African English Editors
source titleAUDIT EVERY USE ↗historical dictionary9 CLAIM LINKS
Weib — Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition, Herkunft
Duden Editors / 2026
source titleAUDIT EVERY USE ↗historical dictionary8 CLAIM LINKS
lieb — Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition, Herkunft
Dudenredaktion / 2026
source titleAUDIT EVERY USE ↗scholarly book6 CLAIM LINKS
Ubuntu: Curating the Archive
Leonhard Praeg · Siphokazi Magadla, editors / 2014
source titleAUDIT EVERY USE ↗historical dictionary4 CLAIM LINKS
Liebe — Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition, Herkunft
Dudenredaktion / 2026
source titleAUDIT EVERY USE ↗054
FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS
ATTESTATION WITNESSES
SOURCE REPORTEDlexical corpus record
Otfried, beloved friends
friunt / Freund / ninth century, source-reported
Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm — Freundwitness excerpt / OPEN RECORD ↗SOURCE REPORTEDlexical corpus record
G. Callaway, Fellowship of Veld, source-reported by DSAE
ubuntu / ubuntu / 1926
Ubuntu, nounwitness excerpt / OPEN RECORD ↗SOURCE REPORTEDlexical corpus record
Old High German historical-form record for liob reported by Duden
liob / lieb / Old High German period
lieb — Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition, Herkunftreporting source / OPEN RECORD ↗SOURCE REPORTEDlexical corpus record
Duden modern sense inventory
hetzen / hetzen / Modern German lexicographic record
hetzen — Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition, Herkunftreporting source / OPEN RECORD ↗06
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