NODE / 0143attestedMiddle English
gest / gyst / gust / gist
guest, visitor, stranger
- DATE
- Middle English
- SENSE
- guest role
- FAMILY
- Indo-European / West Germanic
- CANONICAL KEY
- node:2:gest gyst gust gist:attested:sense:guest-role
The Middle English initial g may have been reinforced in part by Old Norse gestr.
01ANCESTRAL EDGES
ROOT OF THIS ROOT
GO DEEPERinheritanceprobable
Old English · Old English · guest rolegiest / gyst / gest / gæst
guest or stranger
- SOUND
- Middle English forms continue Old English giest / gyst / gest / gæst; Merriam-Webster notes that Middle English g may partly reflect Old Norse gestr.
- MEANING
- Guest, visitor, and stranger remain within the inherited semantic field.
- SCHOLAR
- Merriam-Webster editors
- CONFIDENCE
- probable — Direct Old English inheritance is secure; the degree of Norse reinforcement in the Middle English forms is not fixed.
02DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES
THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP
03TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE
EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE
This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.
- UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
- 1
- REVIEWED EDGES
- 1
- DEEPEST PATH
- 1
- MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
- 1
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01continuationestablished
- SOUND
- Middle English gest and related variants developed into modern guest; the modern spelling distinguishes the hard initial consonant without changing the inherited base.
- MEANING
- The visitor receiving hospitality remained the central sense.
“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.
04RECORDED EVIDENCE
ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.The reviewed graph does not yet attach a source-reported or directly inspected witness to this canonical form.
05EDITORIAL REUSE
WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE