*SET-U

CANONICAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

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NODE / 1058attestedPresent-Day English

kin

TRANSLITERATION kinPRONUNCIATION /kɪn/

a group of common ancestry; relatives; kindred

DATE
before the 12th century–today
SENSE
family relatives
FAMILY
Indo-European / Germanic
CANONICAL KEY
node:1:kin:attested:sense:family-relatives

Merriam-Webster records the noun before the twelfth century and the later attributive adjective. This is distinct from the unrelated diminutive suffix -kin.

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ANCESTRAL EDGES

ROOT OF THIS ROOT

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GO DEEPERhistorical continuationestablished
Middle English · Middle English · family lineage

kin / kyn / kun

race, people, tribe, family, relatives, ancestry, kind, or category

SOUND
Middle English kin survives as the modern spelling and pronunciation after competing medieval variants recede; no unsupported single dialect is treated as the sole donor.
MEANING
The broad race, people, family, ancestry, kind, and category field narrows in ordinary modern use toward relatives, common ancestry, and kindred relationship.
CHRONOLOGY
Middle English into modern English.
SCHOLAR
Merriam-Webster Editors · Middle English Dictionary Editors
CONFIDENCE
established — The form continuity and semantic inventories are directly documented; the edge does not assign every sense loss an invented exact date.
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DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES

THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP

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No reviewed descendants currently reuse this node. Absence describes the graph, not the entire history of the form.

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TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE

EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE

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This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.

UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
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REVIEWED EDGES
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DEEPEST PATH
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MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
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No downstream edge has cleared review for this node. This is a graph-coverage statement, not a claim that the historical form produced nothing.

“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.

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RECORDED EVIDENCE

ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE

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EDITORIAL REUSE

WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE

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