Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryAny fish of species in the genus Rutilus, especially · A common roach (Rutilus rutilus). · Any member of the genus Hesperoleucus of California roaches.
From Middle English roche, from Old French roche, from Middle Low German roche, ruche (“ray (fish)”), from Old Saxon *rūh, possibly from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz (“rough”). Cognate with Old English ruhha ("a ray"; > Middle English rouhe, rohȝe), German Rochen (“ray (fish)”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
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{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "roche"
},
"expansion": "Middle English roche"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "roche"
},
"expansion": "Old French roche"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "roche, ruche",
"4": "",
"5": "ray (fish)"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German roche, ruche (“ray (fish)”)"
},
{
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"t": "rough"
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"2": "ruhha"
},
"expansion": "Old English ruhha"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rouhe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rouhe"
},
{
"name": "gloss",
"args": {
"1": "\"a ray\"; > Middle English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"enm\">rouhe</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"enm\">rohȝe</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"a ray\"; > Middle English rouhe, rohȝe)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rochen",
"3": "",
"4": "ray (fish)"
},
"expansion": "German Rochen (“ray (fish)”)"
},
{
"name": "taxfmt",
"args": {
"1": "Rutilus rutilus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Rutilus rutilus"
}
],
"links": [
[
"roche",
"roche#Middle_English"
],
[
"roche",
"roche#Old_French"
],
[
"roche",
"roche#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"ruche",
"ruche#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"*rūh",
"Reconstruction:Old Saxon/ruh"
],
[
"*rūhaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūhaz"
],
[
"ruhha",
"ruhha#Old_English"
],
[
"Middle English",
"w:Middle English"
],
[
"rouhe",
"rouhe#Middle_English"
],
[
"rohȝe",
"rohȝe#Middle_English"
],
[
"Rochen",
"Rochen#German"
],
[
"common roach",
"common roach"
],
[
"Rutilus rutilus",
"Rutilus rutilus#Translingual"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"Any fish of species in the genus Rutilus, especially",
"A common roach (Rutilus rutilus).",
"Any member of the genus Hesperoleucus of California roaches."
],
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