Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗noun
A human member of the masculine sex or gender. · An animal of the sex that has testes. · A plant of the masculine sex. · A bacterium which has the F factor.
adj
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryBelonging to the sex which typically produces sperm, or to the gender which is typically associated with it. · Characteristic of this sex/gender. (Compare masculine, manly.) · Tending to lead to or regulate the development of sexual characteristics typical of this sex. · Masculine; of the masculine grammatical gender.
Etymology tree Latin mās Proto-Indo-European *-lós Proto-Indo-European *-elós Proto-Italic *-elos Proto-Italic *-kelos Latin -culus Latin masculus Vulgar Latin masclus Old French maslebor. Middle English male English male From Middle English male, borrowed from Old French malle, masle (Modern French mâle), from Latin masculus (“masculine, a male”), diminutive of mās (“male, masculine”). Doublet of macho. Displaced native Old English wǣpned (“male”, literally “weaponed”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 3 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:male<id:sex>",
"id": "sex",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin mās\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nProto-Italic *-kelos\nLatin -culus\nLatin masculus\nVulgar Latin masclus\nOld French maslebor.\nMiddle English male\nEnglish male\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"male\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"male\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mās\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"\\\"male\\\"\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-kelos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-culus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"diminutive ending\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"masculus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"masclus\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"masle\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"male\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"male\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"sex\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"male\" id=\"English:_sex\">"
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"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "male"
},
"expansion": "Middle English male"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "malle"
},
"expansion": "Old French malle"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "masculus",
"t": "masculine, a male"
},
"expansion": "Latin masculus (“masculine, a male”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "macho"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of macho"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wǣpned",
"3": "",
"4": "male",
"lit": "weaponed"
},
"expansion": "Old English wǣpned (“male”, literally “weaponed”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:male<id:sex>",
"id": "sex",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin mās\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nProto-Italic *-kelos\nLatin -culus\nLatin masculus\nVulgar Latin masclus\nOld French maslebor.\nMiddle English male\nEnglish male"
}
],
"links": [
[
"mās",
"mas#Latin"
],
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"*-kelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-kelos"
],
[
"-culus",
"-culus#Latin"
],
[
"masculus",
"masculus#Latin"
],
[
"masclus",
"masclus#Latin:_male"
],
[
"masle",
"masle#Old_French:_male"
],
[
"male",
"male#Middle_English:_sex"
],
[
"male",
"male#Middle_English"
],
[
"malle",
"malle#Old_French"
],
[
"masle",
"masle#Old_French"
],
[
"mâle",
"mâle#French"
],
[
"masculus",
"masculus#Latin"
],
[
"mās",
"mas#Latin"
],
[
"macho",
"macho#English"
],
[
"wǣpned",
"wæpned#Old_English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A human member of the masculine sex or gender.",
"An animal of the sex that has testes.",
"A plant of the masculine sex.",
"A bacterium which has the F factor."
],
"tags": [],
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{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"Belonging to the sex which typically produces sperm, or to the gender which is typically associated with it.",
"Characteristic of this sex/gender. (Compare masculine, manly.)",
"Tending to lead to or regulate the development of sexual characteristics typical of this sex.",
"Masculine; of the masculine grammatical gender."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"usually",
"form-of",
"masculine"
],
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