Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
The act of leaping or jumping. · The distance traversed by a leap or jump. · A group of leopards. · A significant move forward.
verb
To jump. · To pass over by a leap or jump. · To copulate with (a female beast) · To copulate with (a human)
adj
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryIntercalary, bissextile.
From Middle English lepen, from Old English hlēapan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną. Doublet of lope, lowp, elope, gallop, galop, interlope, and loop. Cognate with North Frisian laap, luup, luupe (“to jog, run, walk”), Saterland Frisian lope, loope (“to run”), West Frisian ljeppe (“to jump”), Dutch lopen (“to run; to walk”), German laufen (“to run; to walk”), Limburgish loupe (“to jog, run, walk”), Low German lopen, loupen (“to run”), Luxembourgish lafen (“to run”), Vilamovian łaojfa (“to run”), Danish løbe (“to run”), Faroese leypa (“to jump”), Icelandic hlaupa (“to run; to jump”), Norwegian Bokmål løpe (“to run”), Norwegian Nynorsk laupa, laupe, løpa, løpe (“to run”), Swedish löpa (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *klewb- (“to spring, stumble”) (compare Lithuanian šlùbti ‘to become lame’, klùbti ‘to stumble’).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionlepenenm
- Inherited-form mentionhlēapanang
- Inherited-form mention*hlaupangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*hlaupanągem-pro
- Doublet mentionlopeen
- Doublet mentionlowpen
- Doublet mentionelopeen
- Doublet mentiongallopen
- Doublet mentiongalopen
- Doublet mentioninterlopeen
- Doublet mentionloopen
- Cognate mentionlaapfrr
- Cognate mentionlopestq
- Cognate mentionljeppefy
- Cognate mentionlopennl
- Cognate mentionlaufende
- Cognate mentionloupeli
- Cognate mentionlopennds
- Cognate mentionlafenlb
- Cognate mentionłaojfawym
- Cognate mentionløbeda
- Cognate mentionleypafo
- Cognate mentionhlaupais
- Cognate mentionløpenb
- Cognate mentionlaupann
- Cognate mentionlöpasv
- Derivation mention*klewb-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionšlùbtilt
This page abbreviates 6 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymid",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "jump"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lepen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lepen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlēapan"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlēapan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hlaupan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlaupaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lope",
"3": "lowp",
"4": "elope",
"5": "gallop",
"6": "galop",
"7": "interlope",
"8": "loop"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lope, lowp, elope, gallop, galop, interlope, and loop"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "laap"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian laap"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "lope"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian lope"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ljeppe",
"3": "",
"4": "to jump"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian ljeppe (“to jump”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lopen",
"3": "",
"4": "to run; to walk"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lopen (“to run; to walk”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "laufen",
"3": "",
"4": "to run; to walk"
},
"expansion": "German laufen (“to run; to walk”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "loupe",
"3": "",
"4": "to jog, run, walk"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish loupe (“to jog, run, walk”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "lopen"
},
"expansion": "Low German lopen"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "lafen",
"3": "",
"4": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish lafen (“to run”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "łaojfa",
"3": "",
"4": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian łaojfa (“to run”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "løbe",
"3": "",
"4": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Danish løbe (“to run”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "leypa",
"3": "",
"4": "to jump"
},
"expansion": "Faroese leypa (“to jump”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hlaupa",
"3": "",
"4": "to run; to jump"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hlaupa (“to run; to jump”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "løpe",
"3": "",
"4": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål løpe (“to run”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "laupa"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk laupa"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "löpa",
"3": "",
"4": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Swedish löpa (“to run”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*klewb-",
"4": "",
"5": "to spring, stumble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *klewb- (“to spring, stumble”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šlùbti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian šlùbti"
}
],
"links": [
[
"lepen",
"lepen#Middle_English"
],
[
"hlēapan",
"hleapan#Old_English"
],
[
"*hlaupan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlaupan"
],
[
"*hlaupaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlaupaną"
],
[
"lope",
"lope#English"
],
[
"lowp",
"lowp#English"
],
[
"elope",
"elope#English"
],
[
"gallop",
"gallop#English"
],
[
"galop",
"galop#English"
],
[
"interlope",
"interlope#English"
],
[
"loop",
"loop#English"
],
[
"laap",
"laap#North_Frisian"
],
[
"luup",
"luup#North_Frisian"
],
[
"luupe",
"luupe#North_Frisian"
],
[
"lope",
"lope#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"loope",
"loope#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"ljeppe",
"ljeppe#West_Frisian"
],
[
"lopen",
"lopen#Dutch"
],
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
],
[
"loupe",
"loupe#Limburgish"
],
[
"lopen",
"lopen#Low_German"
],
[
"loupen",
"loupen#Low_German"
],
[
"lafen",
"lafen#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"łaojfa",
"łaojfa#Vilamovian"
],
[
"løbe",
"løbe#Danish"
],
[
"leypa",
"leypa#Faroese"
],
[
"hlaupa",
"hlaupa#Icelandic"
],
[
"løpe",
"løpe#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"laupa",
"laupa#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"laupe",
"laupe#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"løpa",
"løpa#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"løpe",
"løpe#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"löpa",
"löpa#Swedish"
],
[
"*klewb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/klewb-"
],
[
"šlùbti",
"šlubti#Lithuanian"
],
[
"klùbti",
"klubti#Lithuanian"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"The act of leaping or jumping.",
"The distance traversed by a leap or jump.",
"A group of leopards.",
"A significant move forward."
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"figuratively"
],
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},
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To jump.",
"To pass over by a leap or jump.",
"To copulate with (a female beast)",
"To copulate with (a human)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive",
"archaic"
],
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{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"Intercalary, bissextile."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
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"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 6,
"glosses": 0
}
}