Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA tool for chopping. · A hacking blow. · A gouge or notch made by such a blow. · A try, an attempt.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng-der. Proto-Germanic *hakkōną Proto-West Germanic *hakkōn Old English *haccian Middle English hakken English hack From Middle English hacken, hakken, from Old English *haccian (“to hack”), from Proto-West Germanic *hakkōn, from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hoe; hew”), from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng- (“to be sharp; peg; hook; handle”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian häkje (“to hack”), West Frisian hakje (“to hack”), Dutch hakken (“to chop up; hack”), German hacken (“to chop; hack; hoe”), Danish hakke (“to chop”), Swedish hacka (“to hack; chop”), French hacher (“to chop”). Related to hatch. The computer senses date back to at least 1955 when it initially referred to creative problem solving. By 1963, the negative connotations of “black hat” or malicious hacking had become associated with telephone hacking (cf. phreaking).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionhackenenm
- Inherited-form mention*haccianang
- Inherited-form mention*hakkōngmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*hakkōnągem-pro · to chop; hoe; hew
- Derivation mention*keg-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionhäkjestq · to hack
- Cognate mentionhakjefy · to hack
- Cognate mentionhakkennl · to chop up; hack
- Cognate mentionhackende · to chop; hack; hoe
- Cognate mentionhakkeda · to chop
- Cognate mentionhackasv · to hack; chop
- Cognate mentionhacherfr · to chop
This page abbreviates 17 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"expansion": "Middle English hacken"
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"gloss": "to hack"
},
"expansion": "Old English *haccian (“to hack”)"
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"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hakkōn"
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hakkōną",
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hoe; hew”)"
},
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"2": "häkje",
"t": "to hack"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian häkje (“to hack”)"
},
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"name": "cog",
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"1": "fy",
"2": "hakje",
"t": "to hack"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian hakje (“to hack”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hakken",
"t": "to chop up; hack"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hakken (“to chop up; hack”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hacken",
"t": "to chop; hack; hoe"
},
"expansion": "German hacken (“to chop; hack; hoe”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hakke",
"t": "to chop"
},
"expansion": "Danish hakke (“to chop”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"1": "sv",
"2": "hacka",
"t": "to hack; chop"
},
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},
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"name": "cog",
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"1": "fr",
"2": "hacher",
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},
"expansion": "French hacher (“to chop”)"
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}
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],
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],
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],
[
"black hat",
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],
[
"phreaking",
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]
],
"references": [],
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"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A tool for chopping.",
"A hacking blow.",
"A gouge or notch made by such a blow.",
"A try, an attempt."
],
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