Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗verb
To pillage. · To cause havoc.
intj
A cry in war as the signal for indiscriminate slaughter.
noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryWidespread devastation and destruction. · Mayhem.
From Middle English havok, havyk, from Old French havok in the phrase crier havok (“cry havoc”) a signal to soldiers to seize plunder, from Old French crier (“cry out, shout”) + havot (“pillaging, looting”), of obscure origin. Probably from a derivative of Old French *haf, hef (“hook”), from Frankish *haf, *habbjā, *happjā (“pruning-hook, scythe”), derived from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to take up, lift”), related to Old French havee (“handful”), Old French havet (“pruning-hook”), Old High German habba, heppa (“pruning-hook, scythe”), modern German Hippe (“billhook”). If so, then also related to English heave and doublet of hatchet.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionhavokenm
- Derivation mentionhavokfro
- Derivation mentioncrierfro
- Derivation mention*haffro
- Derivation mention*habjanągem-pro · to take up, lift
- Cognate mentionhaveefro · handful
- Cognate mentionhavetfro · pruning-hook
- Cognate mentionhabbagoh
- Cognate mentionHippede · billhook
- Cognate mentionheaveen
- Doublet mentionhatcheten
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "havok"
},
"expansion": "Middle English havok"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "havok"
},
"expansion": "Old French havok"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "crier",
"4": "",
"5": "cry out, shout"
},
"expansion": "Old French crier (“cry out, shout”)"
},
{
"name": "unk",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "obscure"
},
"expansion": "obscure"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "*haf"
},
"expansion": "Old French *haf"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*haf"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *haf"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
"t": "to take up, lift"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to take up, lift”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "havee",
"t": "handful"
},
"expansion": "Old French havee (“handful”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "havet",
"t": "pruning-hook"
},
"expansion": "Old French havet (“pruning-hook”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "habba"
},
"expansion": "Old High German habba"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hippe",
"t": "billhook"
},
"expansion": "German Hippe (“billhook”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heave"
},
"expansion": "English heave"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hatchet",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of hatchet"
}
],
"links": [
[
"havok",
"havok#Middle_English"
],
[
"havyk",
"havyk#Middle_English"
],
[
"havok",
"havok#Old_French"
],
[
"crier havok",
"crier havok#Old_French"
],
[
"cry havoc",
"cry havoc"
],
[
"plunder",
"plunder"
],
[
"crier",
"crier#Old_French"
],
[
"havot",
"havot#Old_French"
],
[
"*haf",
"Reconstruction:Old French/haf"
],
[
"hef",
"hef#Old_French"
],
[
"*haf",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haf"
],
[
"*habbjā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/habbjā"
],
[
"*happjā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/happjā"
],
[
"*habjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habjaną"
],
[
"havee",
"havee#Old_French"
],
[
"havet",
"havet#Old_French"
],
[
"habba",
"habba#Old_High_German"
],
[
"heppa",
"heppa#Old_High_German"
],
[
"Hippe",
"Hippe#German"
],
[
"heave",
"heave#English"
],
[
"hatchet",
"hatchet#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To pillage.",
"To cause havoc."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "1bb97d082db602234ad82178e90d11812156bff0520b569fd0c2fe69952bb1ac",
"rawRecordSha256": "481f0f1fd1f501ffaf6f6daf7899335408c235cff5b7dd60cccaa14004602629",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 222823
},
{
"pos": "intj",
"glosses": [
"A cry in war as the signal for indiscriminate slaughter."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "6bda39a2b3af68f35df6aa4dbbb12bf02e5a571072b78a692fc8b9bb6648b05a",
"rawRecordSha256": "7c832a11281cf71d731217b3c41e5c4eab536bc4318820fe48a5493d34e44a11",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 222824
},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"Widespread devastation and destruction.",
"Mayhem."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"recordId": "9a1b3cbb9a714608533fb632f9d582ff326228ce42404bbe49f24ec5d88cdbcc",
"rawRecordSha256": "1dfcbed5cd74d05d80d61ff2c765ec0b680e5cbc41c2377a700b18e9f413c885",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 222822
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}