Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo lift with difficulty; to raise with some effort; to lift (a heavy thing). · To throw, cast. · To rise and fall. · To utter with effort.
From Middle English heven, hebben, from Old English hebban, from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to take up, lift”), from Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti, from the root *kap-. See also have. Cognates Cognate with West Frisian heffe, Dutch heffen ("to raise", "to lift"), German heben ("to raise", "to lift"), Danish hæve ("to raise", "to lift"), Albanian kap (“to grasp, seize”), Old Irish cáin (“law, tribute”), cacht (“prisoner”), Latin capiō (“to take”), Latvian kàmpt (“to seize”), Ancient Greek κάπτω (káptō, “to gulp down”), κώπη (kṓpē, “handle”)). (To lift, to raise): Compare typologically Russian поднима́ть (podnimátʹ), подня́ть (podnjátʹ) (akin to има́ть (imátʹ), име́ть (imétʹ) < Proto-Slavic *jьmati, *jьměti).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionhevenenm
- Inherited-form mentionhebbanang
- Inherited-form mention*habbjangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*habjanągem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*kapyétiine-pro
- Cognate mentionheffefy
- Cognate mentionheffennl
- Cognate mentionhebende
- Cognate mentionhæveda
- Cognate mentionkapsq
- Cognate mentioncáinsga
- Cognate mentioncapiōla
- Cognate mentionkàmptlv
- Cognate mentionκάπτωgrc
This page abbreviates 9 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:heven<id:lift>",
"id": "lift"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kapyéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*habjaną\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*habbjan\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"hebban\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"heven\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"heave\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"lift\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"heave\" id=\"English:_lift\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "heven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English heven"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hebban"
},
"expansion": "Old English hebban"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*habbjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *habbjan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to take up, lift"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to take up, lift”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kapyéti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "heffe"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian heffe"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "heffen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch heffen"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "heben"
},
"expansion": "German heben"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hæve"
},
"expansion": "Danish hæve"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kap",
"3": "",
"4": "to grasp, seize"
},
"expansion": "Albanian kap (“to grasp, seize”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cáin",
"3": "",
"4": "law, tribute"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cáin (“law, tribute”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "capiō",
"3": "",
"4": "to take"
},
"expansion": "Latin capiō (“to take”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kàmpt",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Latvian kàmpt (“to seize”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κάπτω",
"3": "",
"4": "to gulp down"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάπτω (káptō, “to gulp down”)"
},
{
"name": "sense",
"args": {
"1": "To lift, to raise"
},
"expansion": "(To lift, to raise):"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "поднима́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian поднима́ть (podnimátʹ)"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*jьmati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jьmati"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:heven<id:lift>",
"id": "lift"
},
"expansion": ""
}
],
"links": [
[
"heven",
"heven#Middle_English"
],
[
"hebben",
"hebben#Middle_English"
],
[
"hebban",
"hebban#Old_English"
],
[
"*habbjan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/habbjan"
],
[
"*habjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habjaną"
],
[
"*kapyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kapyéti"
],
[
"*kap-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kap-#Proto-Indo-European:_seize"
],
[
"have",
"have#English"
],
[
"heffe",
"heffe#West_Frisian"
],
[
"heffen",
"heffen#Dutch"
],
[
"heben",
"heben#German"
],
[
"hæve",
"hæve#Danish"
],
[
"kap",
"kap#Albanian"
],
[
"cáin",
"cáin#Old_Irish"
],
[
"cacht",
"cacht#Old_Irish"
],
[
"capiō",
"capio#Latin"
],
[
"kàmpt",
"kampt#Latvian"
],
[
"κάπτω",
"κάπτω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"κώπη",
"κώπη#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"поднима́ть",
"поднимать#Russian"
],
[
"подня́ть",
"поднять#Russian"
],
[
"има́ть",
"имать#Russian"
],
[
"име́ть",
"иметь#Russian"
],
[
"*jьmati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьmati"
],
[
"*jьměti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьměti"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "hive",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"word": "hiva",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "hiva",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "hive",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"e and split infinitives"
]
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "hive",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Scanian",
"lang_code": "gmq-scy",
"word": "hyva",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hallandian",
"lang_code": "gmq-scy",
"word": "hiva"
}
]
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "hiva",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sudermannian",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "hyva"
}
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To lift with difficulty; to raise with some effort; to lift (a heavy thing).",
"To throw, cast.",
"To rise and fall.",
"To utter with effort."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"intransitive"
],
"recordId": "f9890b00669683c2fa2004186e6f5e0352b99d8310da6f04bee6271b77c8b56f",
"rawRecordSha256": "6a491a7aae41cbca664f166c508216decb8ffa3bc125cc73a952791b6ef5afbc",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 237221
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 9,
"glosses": 0
}
}