Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗Recently; just recently; most recently.
Newly produced or obtained; recent. · Not dried, frozen, or spoiled. · (of plant material) Still green and not dried. · Invigoratingly cool and refreshing.
To pack (fish) loosely on ice. · To flood or dilute an area of salt water with flowing fresh water. · To become stronger. · To rebore the barrel of a rifle or shotgun.
A rush of water, along a river or onto the land; a flood. · A stream or spring of fresh water. · The mingling of fresh water with salt in rivers or bays, as by means of a flood of fresh water flowing toward or into the sea.
From Middle English fressh, from Old English fersċ (“fresh, pure, sweet”), from Proto-West Germanic *frisk (“fresh”), from Proto-Germanic *friskaz (“fresh”), from Proto-Indo-European *preysk- (“fresh”). The verb is from Middle English freshen (“to freshen”), from the adjective. Cognate with Scots fresch (“fresh”), West Frisian farsk (“fresh”), Dutch vers (“fresh”), Walloon frexh (“fresh”), German frisch (“fresh”), French frais (“fresh”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Norwegian Nynorsk frisk (“fresh”), Swedish frisk (“well, fresh”), Icelandic ferskur (“fresh”), Lithuanian prėskas (“unflavoured, tasteless, fresh”), Russian пре́сный (présnyj, “sweet, fresh, unleavened, tasteless”). Doublet of fresco and frisk. Slang sense possibly shortened form of “fresh out the pack”, 1980s routine by Grand Wizzard Theodore.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionfresshenm
- Inherited-form mentionfersċang · fresh, pure, sweet
- Inherited-form mention*friskgmw-pro · fresh
- Inherited-form mention*friskazgem-pro · fresh
- Derivation mention*preysk-ine-pro · fresh
- Inherited-form mentionfreshenenm · to freshen
- Cognate mentionfreschsco · fresh
- Cognate mentionfarskfy · fresh
- Cognate mentionversnl · fresh
- Cognate mentionfrexhwa · fresh
- Cognate mentionfrischde · fresh
- Cognate mentionfraisfr · fresh
- Cognate mentionfrisksv · well, fresh
- Cognate mentionferskuris · fresh
- Cognate mentionprėskaslt · unflavoured, tasteless, fresh
- Cognate mentionпре́сныйru · sweet, fresh, unleavened, tasteless
- Doublet mentionfrescoen
- Doublet mentionfrisken
This page abbreviates 10 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:fressh"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*preyskos\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*friskaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*frisk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"fersċ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"fressh\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"fresh\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"fresh\">"
},
{
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"args": {
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"3": "fressh"
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"expansion": "Middle English fressh"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fersċ",
"t": "fresh, pure, sweet"
},
"expansion": "Old English fersċ (“fresh, pure, sweet”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*frisk",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *frisk (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*friskaz",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *friskaz (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preysk-",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *preysk- (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "freshen",
"t": "to freshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English freshen (“to freshen”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fresch",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "Scots fresch (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "farsk",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian farsk (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vers",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vers (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "frexh",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "Walloon frexh (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "frisch",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "German frisch (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frais",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "French frais (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,nb,nn",
"2": "frisk",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Norwegian Nynorsk frisk (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "frisk",
"t": "well, fresh"
},
"expansion": "Swedish frisk (“well, fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ferskur",
"t": "fresh"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ferskur (“fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "prėskas",
"t": "unflavoured, tasteless, fresh"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian prėskas (“unflavoured, tasteless, fresh”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пре́сный",
"t": "sweet, fresh, unleavened, tasteless"
},
"expansion": "Russian пре́сный (présnyj, “sweet, fresh, unleavened, tasteless”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fresco",
"3": "frisk"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of fresco and frisk"
},
{
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"3": "enm:fressh"
},
"expansion": ""
}
],
"links": [
[
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"fressh#Middle_English"
],
[
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"fersc#Old_English"
],
[
"*frisk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/frisk"
],
[
"*friskaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/friskaz"
],
[
"*preysk-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/preysk-"
],
[
"freshen",
"freshen#Middle_English"
],
[
"fresch",
"fresch#Scots"
],
[
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],
[
"vers",
"vers#Dutch"
],
[
"frexh",
"frexh#Walloon"
],
[
"frisch",
"frisch#German"
],
[
"frais",
"frais#French"
],
[
"Danish",
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],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
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[
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],
[
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"frisk#Swedish"
],
[
"ferskur",
"ferskur#Icelandic"
],
[
"prėskas",
"prėskas#Lithuanian"
],
[
"пре́сный",
"пресный#Russian"
],
[
"fresco",
"fresco#English"
],
[
"frisk",
"frisk#English"
]
],
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"Not dried, frozen, or spoiled.",
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"Invigoratingly cool and refreshing."
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