*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of going

Verb form from Middle English goinge, goynge, gayng, variants of gonde, goonde, gaand, from Old English gānde, from Proto-Germanic *gēndz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *gēną, *gāną (“to go”), equivalent to go + -

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
verb

present participle and gerund of go · Attending or visiting (a stated event, place, etc.) habitually or regularly.

adj

Likely to continue; viable. · Current, prevailing. · Available.

noun

A departure. · The suitability of ground for riding, walking etc. · Progress. · Conditions for advancing in any way.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Verb form from Middle English goinge, goynge, gayng, variants of gonde, goonde, gaand, from Old English gānde, from Proto-Germanic *gēndz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *gēną, *gāną (“to go”), equivalent to go + -ing. Cognate with West Frisian geanend (“going”), Dutch gaand (“going”), German gehend (“going”), Danish gående (“going”), Swedish gående (“going”). Noun and adjective from Middle English going, goyng, gaing, gayng, equivalent to go + -ing. Compare German Gehung, Old English gang (“a going”). More at gang.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentiongoingeenm
  • Inherited-form mentiongāndeang
  • Inherited-form mention*gēndzgem-pro
  • Derivation mention*gēnągem-pro
  • Cognate mentiongeanendfy · going
  • Cognate mentiongaandnl · going
  • Cognate mentiongehendde · going
  • Cognate mentiongåendeda · going
  • Cognate mentiongåendesv · going
  • Inherited-form mentiongoingenm
  • Word-formation componentgoen
  • Word-formation component-ingen
  • Cognate mentionGehungde
  • Cognate mentiongangang · a going

This page abbreviates 3 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "goinge"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English goinge"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "gānde"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English gānde"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gēndz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gēndz"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
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        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gēną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gēną"
    },
    {
      "name": "suffix",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "go",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "go + -ing"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "geanend",
        "t": "going"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian geanend (“going”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gaand",
        "t": "going"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch gaand (“going”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gehend",
        "t": "going"
      },
      "expansion": "German gehend (“going”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "gående",
        "t": "going"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish gående (“going”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "gående",
        "t": "going"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish gående (“going”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "going"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English going"
    },
    {
      "name": "af",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "go",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "go + -ing"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Gehung"
      },
      "expansion": "German Gehung"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gang",
        "t": "a going"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English gang (“a going”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
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      "goinge",
      "goinge#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "goynge",
      "goynge#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "gayng",
      "gayng#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "gonde",
      "gonde#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "goonde",
      "goonde#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "gaand",
      "gaand#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "gānde",
      "gande#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*gēndz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gēndz"
    ],
    [
      "*gēną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gēną"
    ],
    [
      "*gāną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gāną"
    ],
    [
      "go",
      "go#English"
    ],
    [
      "-ing",
      "-ing#English"
    ],
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      "geanend",
      "geanend#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "gaand",
      "gaand#Dutch"
    ],
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      "gehend",
      "gehend#German"
    ],
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      "gående",
      "gående#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "gående",
      "gående#Swedish"
    ],
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      "going",
      "going#Middle_English"
    ],
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      "goyng",
      "goyng#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "gaing",
      "gaing#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "gayng",
      "gayng#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "go",
      "go#English"
    ],
    [
      "-ing",
      "-ing#English"
    ],
    [
      "Gehung",
      "Gehung#German"
    ],
    [
      "gang",
      "gang#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "gang",
      "gang#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
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        "Likely to continue; viable.",
        "Current, prevailing.",
        "Available."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable",
        "especially"
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      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A departure.",
        "The suitability of ground for riding, walking etc.",
        "Progress.",
        "Conditions for advancing in any way."
      ],
      "tags": [
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  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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    "links": 0,
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    "lexicalSenses": 3,
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  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for going →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Z29pbmc