*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of bench

From Middle English bench, benk, bynk, from Old English benċ (“bench”), from Proto-West Germanic *banki, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-. Cognate with Scots benk, bink (“bench”), We

4 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 4 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2

Original entry ↗
verb

To remove a player from play. · To remove someone from a position of responsibility temporarily. · To push a person backward against a conspirator behind them who is on their hands and knees, causing them to fall over. · To furnish with benches.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English bench, benk, bynk, from Old English benċ (“bench”), from Proto-West Germanic *banki, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-. Cognate with Scots benk, bink (“bench”), West Frisian bank (“bench”), Dutch bank (“bench”), German Bank (“bench”), Danish bænk (“bench”), Swedish bänk (“bench”), Icelandic bekkur (“bench”). Doublet of banc, banco, and bank.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*bʰeg-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentionbenchenm
  • Inherited-form mentionbenċang · bench
  • Inherited-form mention*bankigmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*bankizgem-pro · bench
  • Derivation mention*bʰeg-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionbenksco
  • Cognate mentionbankfy · bench
  • Cognate mentionbanknl · bench
  • Cognate mentionBankde · bench
  • Cognate mentionbænkda · bench
  • Cognate mentionbänksv · bench
  • Cognate mentionbekkuris · bench
  • Doublet mentionbancen
  • Doublet mentionbancoen
  • Doublet mentionbanken

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeg-",
        "id": "bend"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bench"
    },
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      "name": "inh",
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        "2": "ang",
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    },
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      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *banki"
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    },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "benk"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots benk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "bank",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian bank (“bench”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bank",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bank (“bench”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Bank",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "German Bank (“bench”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "bænk",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish bænk (“bench”)"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "bänk",
        "t": "bench"
      },
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    },
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        "1": "is",
        "2": "bekkur",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic bekkur (“bench”)"
    },
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        "3": "banco",
        "4": "bank"
      },
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    }
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      "bynk#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "benċ",
      "benc#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*banki",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/banki"
    ],
    [
      "*bankiz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bankiz"
    ],
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      "*bʰeg-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeg-#Proto-Indo-European:_bend"
    ],
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      "benk",
      "benk#Scots"
    ],
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      "bink",
      "bink#Scots"
    ],
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      "bank",
      "bank#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "bank",
      "bank#Dutch"
    ],
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      "Bank",
      "Bank#German"
    ],
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      "bænk",
      "bænk#Danish"
    ],
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      "bänk",
      "bänk#Swedish"
    ],
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      "bekkur",
      "bekkur#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "banc",
      "banc#English"
    ],
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      "banco",
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    ],
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      "bank",
      "bank#English"
    ]
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        "To remove a player from play.",
        "To remove someone from a position of responsibility temporarily.",
        "To push a person backward against a conspirator behind them who is on their hands and knees, causing them to fall over.",
        "To furnish with benches."
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Source etymology 1 · variant 2/2

Original entry ↗
noun

A long seat with or without a back, found for example in parks and schools. · The people who decide on the verdict, collectively; the judiciary. · The office or dignity of a judge. · A long seat for politicians in a parliamentary chamber.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English bench, benk, bynk, from Old English benċ (“bench”), from Proto-West Germanic *banki, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-. Cognate with Scots benk, bink (“bench”), West Frisian bank (“bench”), Dutch bank (“bench”), German Bank (“bench”), Danish bænk (“bench”), Swedish bänk (“bench”), Icelandic bekkur (“bench”). Doublet of banc, banco, and bank.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*bʰeg-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentionbenchenm
  • Inherited-form mentionbenċang · bench
  • Inherited-form mention*bankigmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*bankizgem-pro · bench
  • Derivation mention*bʰeg-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionbenksco
  • Cognate mentionbankfy · bench
  • Cognate mentionbanknl · bench
  • Cognate mentionBankde · bench
  • Cognate mentionbænkda · bench
  • Cognate mentionbänksv · bench
  • Cognate mentionbekkuris · bench
  • Doublet mentionbancen
  • Doublet mentionbancoen
  • Doublet mentionbanken

This page abbreviates 12 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
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        "3": "*bʰeg-",
        "id": "bend"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bench"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "benċ",
        "t": "bench"
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      "expansion": "Old English benċ (“bench”)"
    },
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      "args": {
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        "2": "gmw-pro",
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    },
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    },
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        "id": "bend"
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      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "benk"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots benk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "bank",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian bank (“bench”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bank",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bank (“bench”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Bank",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "German Bank (“bench”)"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "bænk",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish bænk (“bench”)"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "bänk",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish bänk (“bench”)"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "bekkur",
        "t": "bench"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic bekkur (“bench”)"
    },
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      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "banc",
        "3": "banco",
        "4": "bank"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of banc, banco, and bank"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
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      "bench",
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      "bynk#Middle_English"
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      "benċ",
      "benc#Old_English"
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      "*banki",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/banki"
    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bankiz"
    ],
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      "bink",
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      "bank",
      "bank#Dutch"
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      "bänk",
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    ],
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      "bekkur",
      "bekkur#Icelandic"
    ],
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      "banc",
      "banc#English"
    ],
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      "banco",
      "banco#English"
    ],
    [
      "bank",
      "bank#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "word": "बेंच",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "beñc"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "word": "ベンチ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "benchi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "word": "벤치",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "benchi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "lang_code": "sw",
      "word": "benchi",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "lang_code": "ur",
      "word": "بِنْچ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "binc"
    }
  ],
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}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

The weight one is able to bench press, especially the maximum weight capable of being pressed.

verb

To lift by bench pressing

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From bench press by shortening.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

Alternative spelling of bentsh.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

See bentsh.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for bench →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-YmVuY2g