Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo inspire boredom in somebody. · To make a hole through something. · To make a hole with, or as if with, a boring instrument; to cut a circular hole by the rotary motion of a tool. · To form or enlarge (something) by means of a boring instrument or apparatus.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der. Proto-Germanic *burōną Proto-West Germanic *borōn Old English borian Middle English boren English bore From Middle English boren, from Old English borian (“to pierce”), from Proto-West Germanic *borōn, from Proto-Germanic *burōną. Compare Danish bore, Norwegian Bokmål bore, Dutch boren, German bohren, Old Norse bora. Cognate with Latin forō (“to bore, to pierce”), Latin feriō (“strike, cut”) and Albanian birë (“hole”). Sense of wearying may come from a figurative use such as "to bore the ears"; compare German drillen.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionborenenm
- Inherited-form mentionborianang · to pierce
- Inherited-form mention*borōngmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*burōnągem-pro
- Cognate mentionboreda
- Cognate mentionborenb
- Cognate mentionborennl
- Cognate mentionbohrende
- Cognate mentionboranon
- Cognate mentionforōla
- Cognate mentionferiōla
- Cognate mentionbirësq
This page abbreviates 7 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:boren<ety:inh<ang:borian>>",
"id": "pierce",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der.\nProto-Germanic *burōną\nProto-West Germanic *borōn\nOld English borian\nMiddle English boren\nEnglish bore\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pierce\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰerH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*burō\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"factitive verb\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōną\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*burōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*boru\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"gem-pro\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*-eh₂yéti<id:suf>\", \"4\" : \"ine-pro:*-h₂ti<id:factitive verb>\", \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōną\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōn\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*borōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"borian\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"boren\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bore\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"pierce\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"bore\" id=\"English:_pierce\">"
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"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "boren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English boren"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "borian",
"t": "to pierce"
},
"expansion": "Old English borian (“to pierce”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*borōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *borōn"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burōną"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bore"
},
"expansion": "Danish bore"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bore"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål bore"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boren"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boren"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bohren"
},
"expansion": "German bohren"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bora"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bora"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "forō",
"3": "",
"4": "to bore, to pierce"
},
"expansion": "Latin forō (“to bore, to pierce”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "feriō",
"3": "",
"4": "strike, cut"
},
"expansion": "Latin feriō (“strike, cut”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "birë",
"3": "",
"4": "hole"
},
"expansion": "Albanian birë (“hole”)"
},
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:boren<ety:inh<ang:borian>>",
"id": "pierce",
"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der.\nProto-Germanic *burōną\nProto-West Germanic *borōn\nOld English borian\nMiddle English boren\nEnglish bore"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*bʰerH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰerH-#Proto-Indo-European:_pierce"
],
[
"*burōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burōną"
],
[
"*borōn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/borōn"
],
[
"borian",
"borian#Old_English"
],
[
"boren",
"boren#Middle_English"
],
[
"boren",
"boren#Middle_English"
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],
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"*burōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burōną"
],
[
"bore",
"bore#Danish"
],
[
"bore",
"bore#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"boren",
"boren#Dutch"
],
[
"bohren",
"bohren#German"
],
[
"bora",
"bora#Old_Norse"
],
[
"forō",
"foro#Latin"
],
[
"feriō",
"ferio#Latin"
],
[
"birë",
"birë#Albanian"
],
[
"drillen",
"drillen#German"
],
[
"auger",
"auger"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To inspire boredom in somebody.",
"To make a hole through something.",
"To make a hole with, or as if with, a boring instrument; to cut a circular hole by the rotary motion of a tool.",
"To form or enlarge (something) by means of a boring instrument or apparatus."
],
"tags": [
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"intransitive"
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