Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗A person, animal, plant, or other thing which is from outside the family, group, organization, or territory under consideration. · A citizen or national of another sovereign state. · A mischievous or suspicious foreigner. · Any life form of extraterrestrial or extradimensional origin.
From Middle English alien, a borrowing from Old French alien, aliene, from Latin aliēnus (“belonging to someone else”, later “exotic, foreign”), from Latin alius (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos. Related to English else.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂el- (other)"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "alien"
},
"expansion": "Middle English alien"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "alien"
},
"expansion": "Old French alien"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "aliēnus",
"t": "belonging to someone else”, later “exotic, foreign"
},
"expansion": "Latin aliēnus (“belonging to someone else”, later “exotic, foreign”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "alius",
"t": "other"
},
"expansion": "Latin alius (“other”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂élyos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "else"
},
"expansion": "English else"
}
],
"links": [
[
"alien",
"alien#Middle_English"
],
[
"alien",
"alien#Old_French"
],
[
"aliene",
"aliene#Old_French"
],
[
"aliēnus",
"alienus#Latin"
],
[
"alius",
"alius#Latin"
],
[
"*h₂élyos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂élyos"
],
[
"else",
"else#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "エイリアン",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A person, animal, plant, or other thing which is from outside the family, group, organization, or territory under consideration.",
"A citizen or national of another sovereign state.",
"A mischievous or suspicious foreigner.",
"Any life form of extraterrestrial or extradimensional origin."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
],
"recordId": "c451fa17f8c8c809a8caa847636b2d6524a0a2e6ae4afe888be6ec79b4abee46",
"rawRecordSha256": "a2c3b2981657b89be6025d917932764431a95432f79f6ffdf5aa1039d82e8782",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 3254
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 1,
"glosses": 0
}
}