Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
A close-fitting hat, either brimless or peaked. · A special hat to indicate rank, occupation, etc. · An academic mortarboard. · A protective cover or seal.
verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo cover or seal with a cap. · To award a cap as a mark of distinction. · To lie over or on top of something. · To paint over someone else's piece or tag.
Etymology tree substratebor.? Proto-Indo-European *kap-? Proto-Indo-European *kap- Proto-Indo-European *káput Proto-Italic *kaput Latin caput Proto-Indo-European *-lós Proto-Indo-European *-elós Proto-Italic *-elos Latin -ulum Latin capitulum Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Latin -āris Latin -āre Latin capitulāre? Late Latin cappabor. Proto-West Germanic *kappā Proto-West Germanic *kappijā Old English cæppe Middle English cappe English cap Inherited from Middle English cappe, from Old English cæppe, from Proto-West Germanic *kappā (“covering, hood, mantle”), from Late Latin cappa, itself from Latin caput. Doublet of cape, chape, and cope.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 27 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:cappe",
"id": "hat",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Italic *kaput\nLatin caput\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulum\nLatin capitulum\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nLatin -āris\nLatin -āre\nLatin capitulāre?\nLate Latin cappabor.\nProto-West Germanic *kappā\nProto-West Germanic *kappijā\nOld English cæppe\nMiddle English cappe\nEnglish cap\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"small head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"seize\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*káput\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kaput\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"caput\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-ulum\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"diminutive suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"capitulum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"neuter\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āris\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"substantive of <i class=\\\"Latn mention nowrap\\\" lang=\\\"la\\\">-āris<\\/i> <span class=\\\"mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren\\\">(<\\/span><span class=\\\"mention-gloss-double-quote\\\">“<\\/span><span class=\\\"mention-gloss\\\">-ary<\\/span><span class=\\\"mention-gloss-double-quote\\\">”<\\/span>, <span class=\\\"ann-pos\\\">adjectival suffix<\\/span><span class=\\\"mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren\\\">)<\\/span>\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"capitulāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"cappa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kappā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kappijā\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"cæppe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"cappe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cap\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"hat\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cap\" id=\"English:_hat\">"
},
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id1": "head"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "dercat",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cappe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cappe"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cæppe"
},
"expansion": "Old English cæppe"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kappā",
"t": "covering, hood, mantle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kappā (“covering, hood, mantle”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "cappa",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Late Latin cappa"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin caput"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cape",
"3": "chape",
"4": "cope"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cape, chape, and cope"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:cappe",
"id": "hat",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Italic *kaput\nLatin caput\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulum\nLatin capitulum\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nLatin -āris\nLatin -āre\nLatin capitulāre?\nLate Latin cappabor.\nProto-West Germanic *kappā\nProto-West Germanic *kappijā\nOld English cæppe\nMiddle English cappe\nEnglish cap"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*kap-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kap-#Proto-Indo-European:_seize"
],
[
"*kap-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kap-#Proto-Indo-European:_head"
],
[
"*káput",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/káput#Proto-Indo-European:_head"
],
[
"*kaput",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kaput#Proto-Italic:_head"
],
[
"caput",
"caput#Latin"
],
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ulum",
"-ulus#Latin"
],
[
"capitulum",
"capitulum#Latin"
],
[
"*h₂el-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
],
[
"*-is",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
"*-ālis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-āris",
"-aris#Latin"
],
[
"-āre",
"-are#Latin:_neuter"
],
[
"capitulāre",
"capitulare#Latin"
],
[
"cappa",
"cappa#Latin"
],
[
"*kappā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kappā"
],
[
"*kappijā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kappijā"
],
[
"cæppe",
"cæppe#Old_English"
],
[
"cappe",
"cappe#Middle_English"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"-āris",
"-aris#Latin"
],
[
"cappe",
"cappe#Middle_English"
],
[
"cæppe",
"cæppe#Old_English"
],
[
"*kappā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kappā"
],
[
"cappa",
"cappa#Latin"
],
[
"caput",
"caput#Latin"
],
[
"cape",
"cape#English"
],
[
"chape",
"chape#English"
],
[
"cope",
"cope#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A close-fitting hat, either brimless or peaked.",
"A special hat to indicate rank, occupation, etc.",
"An academic mortarboard.",
"A protective cover or seal."
],
"tags": [],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 188089
},
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To cover or seal with a cap.",
"To award a cap as a mark of distinction.",
"To lie over or on top of something.",
"To paint over someone else's piece or tag."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"broadly",
"slang"
],
"recordId": "beb4179c1feb95e6a5f80017c3041175c4b9fe00a408497b5f763d77064dc080",
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 188090
}
],
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"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 27,
"glosses": 0
}
}