Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
The ego.
pron
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryThe speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical subject, of a sentence. · The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical object, of a sentence.
From Middle English a, hi, hich, hij, I, ic, ich, ichc, ichs, ick, ig, ih, ik, j, jch, y, from Old English ic, ich, ih, ᛁᚳ (ic), ᛁᚴ (ik, “I”), from Proto-West Germanic *ik (“I”), from Proto-Germanic *ek, *eka, *ik (“I”), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm (“I”). Cognates Cognate with Scots A, I, Ik (“I”), Yola Ich (“I”), North Frisian ick, ik, 'k (“I”), Saterland Frisian iek (“I”), West Frisian ik (“I”), Alemannic German i, ich, ig (“I”), Bavarian and Mòcheno i (“I”), Central Franconian eich, ich (“I”), Cimbrian i, ich (“I”), Dutch ick, ik, ikke (“I”), Low German eck, ick, ik, öck (“I”), German ich (“I”), Limburgish ich, iich (“I”), Luxembourgish ech (“I”), Vilamovian ych (“I”), West Flemish 'k (“I”), Yiddish איך (ikh), יאַך (yakh, “I”), Danish jeg, jæ (“I”), Elfdalian ig (“I”), Faroese eg, jeg (“I”), Icelandic eg, ég, ek, jeg (“I”), Jutish æ (“I”), Norn eg (“I”), Norwegian Bokmål jeg (“I”), Norwegian Nynorsk eg, æg (“I”), Swedish i, jag (“I”), Crimean Gothic ich (“I”), Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik, “I”); also Asturian, Aragonese, and Spanish yo (“I”), Catalan jo (“I”), French je (“I”), Galician and Portuguese eu (“I”), Italian io (“I”), Leonese and Mirandese you (“I”), Latin ego (“I”), Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ, “I”), Latvian es (“I”), Lithuanian aš (“I”), Armenian ես (es, “I”), Belarusian, Russian, and Ukrainian я (ja, “I”), Bulgarian аз (az, “I”), Czech já (“I”), Macedonian јас (jas, “I”), Polish and Slovak ja (“I”), Serbo-Croatian jȃ (“I”), Slovene jȁz (“I”), Northern Kurdish ez (“I”), Sanskrit अहम् (ahám, “I”), Hittite 𒌑𒊌 (ūk, “I”). See also English ich. Doublet of ego and Ich. Capitalized since the 13th century to mark it as a distinct word and prevent misreading and omission (due to cursive writing).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionaenm
- Inherited-form mentionicang
- Inherited-form mention*ikgmw-pro · I
- Inherited-form mention*ekgem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*eǵh₂ómine-pro · I
- Cognate mentionAsco
- Cognate mentionIchyol · I
- Cognate mentionickfrr
- Cognate mentioniekstq · I
- Cognate mentionikfy · I
- Cognate mentionigsw
- Cognate mentioneichgmw-cfr
- Cognate mentionicim
- Cognate mentionicknl
- Cognate mentionecknds
- Cognate mentionichde · I
- Cognate mentionichli
- Cognate mentionechlb · I
- Cognate mentionychwym · I
- Cognate mention'kvls · I
- Cognate mentionאיךyi
- Cognate mentionjegda
- Cognate mentionigovd · I
- Cognate mentionegfo
- Cognate mentionegis
- Cognate mentionæjut · I
- Cognate mentionegnrn · I
- Cognate mentionjegnb · I
- Cognate mentionegnn
- Cognate mentionisv
- Cognate mentionichgme-cgo · I
- Cognate mention𐌹𐌺got · I
- Cognate mentionjoca · I
- Cognate mentionjefr · I
- Cognate mentionioit · I
- Cognate mentionegola · I
- Cognate mentionἐγώgrc · I
- Cognate mentioneslv · I
- Cognate mentionašlt · I
- Cognate mentionեսhy · I
- Cognate mentionазbg · I
- Cognate mentionjács · I
- Cognate mentionјасmk · I
- Cognate mentionjȃsh · I
- Cognate mentionjȁzsl · I
- Cognate mentionezkmr · I
- Cognate mentionअहम्sa · I
- Cognate mention𒌑𒊌hit · I
- Cognate mentionichen
- Doublet mentionegoen
- Doublet mentionIchen
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:I<alt:ik, ich, ī>",
"id": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*eka\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ik\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"iċ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"I\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"I\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"pronoun\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"I\" id=\"English:_pronoun\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "a"
},
"expansion": "Middle English a"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ic"
},
"expansion": "Old English ic"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ik",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ik (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ek"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*eǵh₂óm",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "A"
},
"expansion": "Scots A"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "Ich",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Yola Ich (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "ick"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian ick"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "iek",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian iek (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ik",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian ik (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "i"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German i"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bar,mhn",
"2": "i",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian and Mòcheno i (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "eich"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian eich"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "i"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian i"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ick"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ick"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "eck"
},
"expansion": "Low German eck"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ich",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "German ich (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "ich"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish ich"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "ech",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish ech (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "ych",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian ych (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "vls",
"2": "'k",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "West Flemish 'k (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "איך"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish איך (ikh)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "jeg"
},
"expansion": "Danish jeg"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "ig",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian ig (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "eg"
},
"expansion": "Faroese eg"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "eg"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic eg"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "jut",
"2": "æ",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Jutish æ (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "eg",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Norn eg (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "jeg",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål jeg (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "eg"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk eg"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "i"
},
"expansion": "Swedish i"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gme-cgo",
"2": "ich",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Gothic ich (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌺",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik, “I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ast,an,es",
"2": "yo",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Asturian, Aragonese, and Spanish yo (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "jo",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Catalan jo (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "je",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "French je (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gl,pt",
"2": "eu",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Galician and Portuguese eu (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "io",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Italian io (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo,mwl",
"2": "you",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Leonese and Mirandese you (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ego",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Latin ego (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐγώ",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ, “I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "es",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Latvian es (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "aš",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian aš (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ես",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Armenian ես (es, “I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "be,ru,uk",
"2": "я",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian, Russian, and Ukrainian я (ja, “I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "аз",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian аз (az, “I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "já",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Czech já (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "јас",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian јас (jas, “I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl,sk",
"2": "ja",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Polish and Slovak ja (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "jȃ",
"3": "",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian jȃ (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "jȁz",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Slovene jȁz (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ez",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish ez (“I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अहम्",
"3": "",
"tr": "ahám",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अहम् (ahám, “I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒌑𒊌",
"3": "",
"tr": "ūk",
"t": "I"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒌑𒊌 (ūk, “I”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ich"
},
"expansion": "English ich"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ego",
"3": "Ich"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of ego and Ich"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:I<alt:ik, ich, ī>",
"id": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": ""
}
],
"links": [
[
"a",
"a/languages M to Z#Middle_English"
],
[
"hi",
"hi#Middle_English"
],
[
"hich",
"hich#Middle_English"
],
[
"hij",
"hij#Middle_English"
],
[
"I",
"I#Middle_English"
],
[
"ic",
"ic#Middle_English"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#Middle_English"
],
[
"ichc",
"ichc#Middle_English"
],
[
"ichs",
"ichs#Middle_English"
],
[
"ick",
"ick#Middle_English"
],
[
"ig",
"ig#Middle_English"
],
[
"ih",
"ih#Middle_English"
],
[
"ik",
"ik#Middle_English"
],
[
"j",
"j#Middle_English"
],
[
"jch",
"jch#Middle_English"
],
[
"y",
"y#Middle_English"
],
[
"ic",
"ic#Old_English"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#Old_English"
],
[
"ih",
"ih#Old_English"
],
[
"ᛁᚳ",
"ᛁᚳ#Old_English"
],
[
"ᛁᚴ",
"ᛁᚴ#Old_English"
],
[
"*ik",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ik"
],
[
"*ek",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ek"
],
[
"*eka",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/eka"
],
[
"*ik",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ik"
],
[
"*eǵh₂óm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/eǵh₂óm"
],
[
"A",
"A#Scots"
],
[
"I",
"I#Scots"
],
[
"Ik",
"Ik#Scots"
],
[
"Ich",
"Ich#Yola"
],
[
"ick",
"ick#North_Frisian"
],
[
"ik",
"ik#North_Frisian"
],
[
"'k",
"'k#North_Frisian"
],
[
"iek",
"iek#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"ik",
"ik#West_Frisian"
],
[
"i",
"i/languages A to L#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"ig",
"ig#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"Bavarian",
"i/languages A to L#Bavarian"
],
[
"i",
"i/languages M to Z#Mòcheno"
],
[
"eich",
"eich#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"i",
"i/languages A to L#Cimbrian"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#Cimbrian"
],
[
"ick",
"ick#Dutch"
],
[
"ik",
"ik#Dutch"
],
[
"ikke",
"ikke#Dutch"
],
[
"eck",
"eck#Low_German"
],
[
"ick",
"ick#Low_German"
],
[
"ik",
"ik#Low_German"
],
[
"öck",
"öck#Low_German"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#German"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#Limburgish"
],
[
"iich",
"iich#Limburgish"
],
[
"ech",
"ech#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"ych",
"ych#Vilamovian"
],
[
"'k",
"'k#West_Flemish"
],
[
"איך",
"איך#Yiddish"
],
[
"יאַך",
"יאַך#Yiddish"
],
[
"jeg",
"jeg#Danish"
],
[
"jæ",
"jæ#Danish"
],
[
"ig",
"ig#Elfdalian"
],
[
"eg",
"eg#Faroese"
],
[
"jeg",
"jeg#Faroese"
],
[
"eg",
"eg#Icelandic"
],
[
"ég",
"ég#Icelandic"
],
[
"ek",
"ek#Icelandic"
],
[
"jeg",
"jeg#Icelandic"
],
[
"æ",
"æ#Jutish"
],
[
"eg",
"eg#Norn"
],
[
"jeg",
"jeg#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"eg",
"eg#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"æg",
"æg#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"i",
"i/languages M to Z#Swedish"
],
[
"jag",
"jag#Swedish"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#Crimean_Gothic"
],
[
"𐌹𐌺",
"𐌹𐌺#Gothic"
],
[
"Asturian",
"yo#Asturian"
],
[
"Aragonese",
"yo#Aragonese"
],
[
"yo",
"yo#Spanish"
],
[
"jo",
"jo#Catalan"
],
[
"je",
"je#French"
],
[
"Galician",
"eu#Galician"
],
[
"eu",
"eu#Portuguese"
],
[
"io",
"io#Italian"
],
[
"Leonese",
"you#Leonese"
],
[
"you",
"you#Mirandese"
],
[
"ego",
"ego#Latin"
],
[
"ἐγώ",
"ἐγώ#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"es",
"es#Latvian"
],
[
"aš",
"aš#Lithuanian"
],
[
"ես",
"ես#Armenian"
],
[
"Belarusian",
"я#Belarusian"
],
[
"Russian",
"я#Russian"
],
[
"я",
"я#Ukrainian"
],
[
"аз",
"аз#Bulgarian"
],
[
"já",
"já#Czech"
],
[
"јас",
"јас#Macedonian"
],
[
"Polish",
"ja#Polish"
],
[
"ja",
"ja#Slovak"
],
[
"jȃ",
"ja#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"jȁz",
"jaz#Slovene"
],
[
"ez",
"ez#Northern_Kurdish"
],
[
"अहम्",
"अहम्#Sanskrit"
],
[
"𒌑𒊌",
"𒌑𒊌#Hittite"
],
[
"ich",
"ich#English"
],
[
"ego",
"ego#English"
],
[
"Ich",
"Ich#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"The ego."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"recordId": "38e261576a92ddf97d6326fdad1d6197c2487f6fe8ded5a343d8f29016125b46",
"rawRecordSha256": "bfd4e28396adbe2c75a23cff6b2874af6cf11b3c07e98ef5e00e7c2d9352a20d",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 327261
},
{
"pos": "pron",
"glosses": [
"The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical subject, of a sentence.",
"The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical object, of a sentence."
],
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"pronoun",
"singular",
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"nonstandard"
],
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