Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryAlternative letter-case form of china: porcelain tableware. · A Chinese person. · Alternative form of cheyney: woollen stuff; items made or filled with cheyney. · Clipping of China rose, various flowers.
Etymology tree Old Chinese 秦 (*zin)der.? Sanskrit चीन (cīna)der. Gandhari 𐨕𐨁𐨣 (cina)der.? Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (cyn /čīn/) Classical Persian چین (čēn)bor. Venetan Cinabor. Old French Chininflu. Portuguese Chinabor. English China From Portuguese China, from possibly Venetan Cina probably under influence from Old French Chin, from Classical Persian چین (čīn) under influence from Medieval Latin Sīna (“China”), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (Čīn, “China”), from Sanskrit चीन (cīna, “the Chinese; China”) of uncertain etymology. It is usually thought to be derived from Chinese 秦 (Qín) (sm Qín, mc d͡zin, oc *dziŋ, "Qin"), the westernmost ancient Chinese state, but other theories have been proposed, including derivation from 晉 /晋 (jìn) (sm Jìn, mc t͡sinh, oc *tsiŋh, "Jin"), another important ancient state; 荊 /荆 (jīng) (sm Jīng, mc kɹaŋ, oc *kreŋ, "Chu"), the southernmost ancient Chinese state; or Zina, the endonym of the people of the Yelang kingdom. See "Names of China" and "Chinas" at Wikipedia. As a female name, usually derived via china (“porcelain”) and china doll, ultimately from the same source.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "pt:China<id:country>",
"id": "country",
"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nOld Chinese 秦 (*zin)der.?\nSanskrit चीन (cīna)der.\nGandhari 𐨕𐨁𐨣 (cina)der.?\nMiddle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (cyn /čīn/)\nClassical Persian چین (čēn)bor.\nVenetan Cinabor.\nOld French Chininflu.\nPortuguese Chinabor.\nEnglish China\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"country\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"China\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"transcription\" : \"čīn\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"Qin\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Chinese\", \"term\" : \"秦\", \"lang\" : \"och\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"चीन\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gandhari\", \"term\" : \"𐨕𐨁𐨣\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"pgd\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Persian\", \"term\" : \"𐭰𐭩𐭭\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"pal\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Persian\", \"term\" : \"چین\", \"lang\" : \"fa-cls\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"Cina\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"Chin\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"China\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"China\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"country\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"China\" id=\"English:_country\">"
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{
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"logo": "Commons-logo.svg",
"logolink": "commons:Category:China",
"intro": "Wikimedia Commons has media about",
"noitalic": "",
"link": "China"
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"expansion": ""
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"name": "commonscat",
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{
"name": "bor",
"args": {
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"2": "pt",
"3": "China"
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"expansion": "Portuguese China"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "Cina"
},
"expansion": "Venetan Cina"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "Chin"
},
"expansion": "Old French Chin"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "چین",
"tr": "čīn"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian چین (čīn)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "Sīna",
"4": "",
"5": "China"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin Sīna (“China”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭰𐭩𐭭",
"4": "",
"5": "China",
"tr": "Čīn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (Čīn, “China”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "चीन",
"t": "the Chinese; China"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चीन (cīna, “the Chinese; China”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zh",
"3": "秦"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 秦 (Qín)"
},
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"name": "smallcaps",
"args": {
"1": "sm"
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{
"name": "smallcaps",
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{
"name": "smallcaps",
"args": {
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{
"name": "smallcaps",
"args": {
"1": "sm"
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"expansion": "sm"
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{
"name": "smallcaps",
"args": {
"1": "mc"
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{
"name": "smallcaps",
"args": {
"1": "oc"
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{
"name": "smallcaps",
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{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "pt:China<id:country>",
"id": "country",
"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nOld Chinese 秦 (*zin)der.?\nSanskrit चीन (cīna)der.\nGandhari 𐨕𐨁𐨣 (cina)der.?\nMiddle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (cyn /čīn/)\nClassical Persian چین (čēn)bor.\nVenetan Cinabor.\nOld French Chininflu.\nPortuguese Chinabor.\nEnglish China"
}
],
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[
"秦",
"秦#Old_Chinese:_Qin"
],
[
"चीन",
"चीन#Sanskrit"
],
[
"𐨕𐨁𐨣",
"𐨕𐨁𐨣#Gandhari"
],
[
"𐭰𐭩𐭭",
"𐭰𐭩𐭭#Middle_Persian"
],
[
"چین",
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],
[
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"Cina#Venetan"
],
[
"Chin",
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],
[
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"China#Portuguese:_country"
],
[
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[
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[
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],
[
"Chin",
"Chin#Old_French"
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[
"چین",
"چین#Persian"
],
[
"Sīna",
"Sina#Latin"
],
[
"𐭰𐭩𐭭",
"𐭰𐭩𐭭#Middle_Persian"
],
[
"चीन",
"चीन#Sanskrit"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"秦",
"秦#Chinese"
],
[
"sm",
"Standard Mandarin"
],
[
"mc",
"Middle Chinese"
],
[
"oc",
"Old Chinese"
],
[
"Qin",
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],
[
"晉",
"晉#Chinese"
],
[
"晋",
"晋#Chinese"
],
[
"sm",
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],
[
"mc",
"Middle Chinese"
],
[
"oc",
"Old Chinese"
],
[
"Jin",
"Jin"
],
[
"荊",
"荊#Chinese"
],
[
"荆",
"荆#Chinese"
],
[
"sm",
"Standard Mandarin"
],
[
"mc",
"Middle Chinese"
],
[
"oc",
"Old Chinese"
],
[
"Chu",
"Chu"
],
[
"Yelang",
"Yelang"
],
[
"china",
"china#English"
],
[
"porcelain",
"porcelain"
],
[
"china doll",
"china doll#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"Alternative letter-case form of china: porcelain tableware.",
"A Chinese person.",
"Alternative form of cheyney: woollen stuff; items made or filled with cheyney.",
"Clipping of China rose, various flowers."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"countable",
"uncountable",
"obsolete",
"alternative",
"abbreviation",
"clipping"
],
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}
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}