*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of -work

From Middle English -work, -werk, from Old English -weorc, -ġeweorc, equivalent to English work. Compare also Saterland Frisian -werk, Dutch -werk, German -werk, Norwegian -verk.

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
suffix

Denoting a craft involving a particular material, tool, or practitioner · Denoting a structure or work of art crafted chiefly from a given material · Denoting the structure or mechanism of a given object.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English -work, -werk, from Old English -weorc, -ġeweorc, equivalent to English work. Compare also Saterland Frisian -werk, Dutch -werk, German -werk, Norwegian -verk.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mention-workenm
  • Inherited-form mentionweorcang
  • Cognate mentionworken
  • Cognate mention-werkstq
  • Cognate mention-werknl
  • Cognate mention-werkde
  • Cognate mention-verkno
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-work"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -work"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "weorc",
        "4": "-weorc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -weorc"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "work"
      },
      "expansion": "English work"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "-werk"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian -werk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-werk"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -werk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-werk"
      },
      "expansion": "German -werk"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "-verk"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian -verk"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "-work",
      "-work#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-werk",
      "-werk#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-weorc",
      "weorc#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "-ġeweorc",
      "geweorc#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "work",
      "work#English"
    ],
    [
      "-werk",
      "-werk#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "-werk",
      "-werk#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "-werk",
      "-werk#German"
    ],
    [
      "-verk",
      "-verk#Norwegian"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "suffix",
      "glosses": [
        "Denoting a craft involving a particular material, tool, or practitioner",
        "Denoting a structure or work of art crafted chiefly from a given material",
        "Denoting the structure or mechanism of a given object."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "recordId": "833abf727440e3460ddfedb1e46722b85d9c67f1e0313a10cc666ef51b75ef6a",
      "rawRecordSha256": "02964d6129e5c9709b2ad47fb8f17aeeb3500fb315676b3665d1af247fde2c1c",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 5443407
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for -work →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-LXdvcms