Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗suffix
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryUsed in the names of regions in the Middle East and Central Asia which were historically influenced by Persian and Turkic cultures. · Used to form fictitious or metaphoric country names, often with a connotation of it being an exotic or hostile country. · Used after European and American place names to emphasize that many Middle Easterners or Muslims reside there.
From Classical Persian ـِستَان, ـستَان (-(i)stān), from Middle Persian -stʾn' (-estān), from Old Persian 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /stāna/), from Proto-Iranian *stáHnam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *stʰáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (stāna), Sanskrit स्थान (sthā́na), Russian стан (stan) (< Proto-Slavic *stanъ), Armenian -ստան (-stan), English stay, stand, state, stead, Latin status.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*steh₂-ine-pro
- Derivation mention-stʾn'pal
- Derivation mention𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴peo
- Derivation mention*stáHnamira-pro
- Derivation mention*stʰáHnamiir-pro
- Derivation mention*steh₂-ine-pro
- Cognate mention𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀ae
- Cognate mentionस्थानsa
- Cognate mentionстанru
- Cognate mention*stanъsla-pro
- Cognate mention-ստանhy
- Cognate mentionstayen
- Cognate mentionstatusla
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steh₂-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fa-cls:ـِستَان<id:suffix>",
"id": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"position\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to stand\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*stáHnam\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Persian\", \"term\" : \"-stʾn'\", \"lang\" : \"pal\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Persian\", \"term\" : \"ـِستَان\", \"lang\" : \"fa-cls\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-stan\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"suffix\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-stan\" id=\"English:_suffix\">"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "ـِستَان,ـستَان",
"tr": "-(i)stān"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian ـِستَان, ـستَان (-(i)stān)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pal",
"3": "-stʾn'",
"tr": "-estān"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian -stʾn' (-estān)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴",
"ts": "stāna"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /stāna/)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*stáHnam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *stáHnam"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*stʰáHnam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *stʰáHnam"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to stand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (stāna)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्थान",
"tr": "sthā́na"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्थान (sthā́na)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "стан"
},
"expansion": "Russian стан (stan)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*stanъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *stanъ"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "-ստան"
},
"expansion": "Armenian -ստան (-stan)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stay"
},
"expansion": "English stay"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "status"
},
"expansion": "Latin status"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fa-cls:ـِستَان<id:suffix>",
"id": "suffix"
},
"expansion": ""
}
],
"links": [
[
"ـِستَان",
"ـستان#Persian"
],
[
"ـستَان",
"ـستان#Persian"
],
[
"-stʾn'",
"-stʾn'#Middle_Persian"
],
[
"𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴",
"𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴#Old_Persian"
],
[
"*stáHnam",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/stáHnam"
],
[
"*stʰáHnam",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/stʰáHnam"
],
[
"*steh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steh₂-"
],
[
"𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀",
"𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀#Avestan"
],
[
"स्थान",
"स्थान#Sanskrit"
],
[
"стан",
"стан#Russian"
],
[
"*stanъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stanъ"
],
[
"-ստան",
"-ստան#Armenian"
],
[
"stay",
"stay#English"
],
[
"stand",
"stand#English"
],
[
"state",
"state#English"
],
[
"stead",
"stead#English"
],
[
"status",
"status#Latin"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "suffix",
"glosses": [
"Used in the names of regions in the Middle East and Central Asia which were historically influenced by Persian and Turkic cultures.",
"Used to form fictitious or metaphoric country names, often with a connotation of it being an exotic or hostile country.",
"Used after European and American place names to emphasize that many Middle Easterners or Muslims reside there."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"humorous",
"often",
"derogatory",
"ethnic",
"slur"
],
"recordId": "702367012352b0e1dd62ee46f46fc982cdda95f98fc464d52c8509101bd4e110",
"rawRecordSha256": "6b6f92a3c8d3c6dcc2d86efd30695feef19ee68f1af5a58dc28af3aecd5bee25",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 347177
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
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"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
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}