Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To remain in a particular place, especially for a definite or short period of time; sojourn; abide. · To continue to have a particular quality. · To prop; support; sustain; hold up; steady. · To support from sinking; to sustain with strength; to satisfy in part or for the time.
Continuance or a period of time spent in a place; abode for an indefinite time. · A postponement, especially of an execution or other punishment. · A stop; a halt; a break or cessation of action, motion, or progress. · A fixed state; fixedness; stability; permanence.
From Middle English steyen, staien, from Old French estayer, estaier (“to fix, prop up, support, stay”), from estaye, estaie (“a prop, stay”), from Middle Dutch staeye (“a prop, stay”), a contracted form of staede, stade (“a prop, stay, help, aid”) (compare Middle Dutch staeyen, staeden (“to make firm, stay, support, hold still, stabilise”)), from Proto-West Germanic *stadi (“a site, place, location, standing”), from Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“a standing, place”), from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis (“standing”). Influenced by Old English stæġ ("a stay, rope"; see below). Cognate with Old English stede (“a place, spot, locality, fixed position, station, site, standing, status, position of a moving body, stopping, standing still, stability, fixity, firmness, steadfastness”), Swedish stödja (“to prop, support, brace, hold up, bolster”), Icelandic stöðug (“continuous, stable”). More at stead, steady. Sense of "remain, continue" may be due to later influence from Old French ester, esteir (“to stand, be, continue, remain”), from Latin stāre (“stand”), from the same Proto-Indo-European root above; however, derivation from this root is untenable based on linguistic and historical grounds. An alternative etymology derives Old French estaye, estaie, from Frankish *stakā, *stakō (“stake, post”), from Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake, bar, stick, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“rod, pole, stick”), making it cognate with Old English staca (“pin, stake”), Old English stician (“to stick, be placed, lie, remain fixed”). Cognate with Albanian shtagë (“a long stick, a pole”). More at stake, stick.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*steh₂-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionsteyenenm
- Derivation mentionestayerfro
- Derivation mentionstaeyedum
- Cognate mentionstaeyendum
- Derivation mention*stadigmw-pro
- Derivation mention*stadizgem-pro
- Derivation mention*stéh₂tisine-pro
- Cognate mentionstæġang
- Cognate mentionstedeang
- Cognate mentionstödjasv
- Cognate mentionstöðugis
- Cognate mentionesterfro
- Cognate mentionstārela
- Derivation mentionestayefro
- Derivation mention*stakôgem-pro
- Derivation mention*(s)teg-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionstacaang
- Cognate mentionsticianang
This page abbreviates 20 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steh₂-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steyen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steyen"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "estayer"
},
"expansion": "Old French estayer"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "staeye",
"4": "",
"5": "a prop, stay"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch staeye (“a prop, stay”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "staeyen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch staeyen"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stadi",
"4": "",
"5": "a site, place, location, standing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stadi (“a site, place, location, standing”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stadiz",
"4": "",
"5": "a standing, place"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“a standing, place”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stéh₂tis",
"4": "",
"5": "standing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis (“standing”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "stæġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English stæġ"
},
{
"name": "gloss",
"args": {
"1": "\"a stay, rope\"; see below"
},
"expansion": "(\"a stay, rope\"; see below)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "stede",
"3": "",
"4": "a place, spot, locality, fixed position, station, site, standing, status, position of a moving body, stopping, standing still, stability, fixity, firmness, steadfastness"
},
"expansion": "Old English stede (“a place, spot, locality, fixed position, station, site, standing, status, position of a moving body, stopping, standing still, stability, fixity, firmness, steadfastness”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "stödja",
"3": "",
"4": "to prop, support, brace, hold up, bolster"
},
"expansion": "Swedish stödja (“to prop, support, brace, hold up, bolster”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "stöðug",
"3": "",
"4": "continuous, stable"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic stöðug (“continuous, stable”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "Old French ester"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stāre",
"3": "",
"4": "stand"
},
"expansion": "Latin stāre (“stand”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "estaye"
},
"expansion": "Old French estaye"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*stakā"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *stakā"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stakô",
"4": "",
"5": "stake, bar, stick, pole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake, bar, stick, pole”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)teg-",
"4": "",
"5": "rod, pole, stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“rod, pole, stick”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "staca",
"3": "",
"4": "pin, stake"
},
"expansion": "Old English staca (“pin, stake”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "stician",
"3": "",
"4": "to stick, be placed, lie, remain fixed"
},
"expansion": "Old English stician (“to stick, be placed, lie, remain fixed”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"steyen",
"steyen#Middle_English"
],
[
"staien",
"staien#Middle_English"
],
[
"estayer",
"estayer#Old_French"
],
[
"estaier",
"estaier#Old_French"
],
[
"estaye",
"estaye#Old_French"
],
[
"estaie",
"estaie#Old_French"
],
[
"staeye",
"staeye#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"staede",
"staede#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"stade",
"stade#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"staeyen",
"staeyen#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"staeden",
"staeden#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"*stadi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stadi"
],
[
"*stadiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stadiz"
],
[
"*stéh₂tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/stéh₂tis"
],
[
"stæġ",
"stæg#Old_English"
],
[
"stede",
"stede#Old_English"
],
[
"stödja",
"stödja#Swedish"
],
[
"stöðug",
"stöðug#Icelandic"
],
[
"stead",
"stead#English"
],
[
"steady",
"steady#English"
],
[
"ester",
"ester#Old_French"
],
[
"esteir",
"esteir#Old_French"
],
[
"stāre",
"stare#Latin"
],
[
"estaye",
"estaye#Old_French"
],
[
"estaie",
"estaie#Old_French"
],
[
"*stakā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stakā"
],
[
"*stakō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stakō"
],
[
"*stakô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stakô"
],
[
"*(s)teg-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)teg-"
],
[
"staca",
"staca#Old_English"
],
[
"stician",
"stician#Old_English"
],
[
"shtagë",
"shtagë#Albanian"
],
[
"stake",
"stake#English"
],
[
"stick",
"stick#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To remain in a particular place, especially for a definite or short period of time; sojourn; abide.",
"To continue to have a particular quality.",
"To prop; support; sustain; hold up; steady.",
"To support from sinking; to sustain with strength; to satisfy in part or for the time."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"copulative",
"transitive"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 33829
},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"Continuance or a period of time spent in a place; abode for an indefinite time.",
"A postponement, especially of an execution or other punishment.",
"A stop; a halt; a break or cessation of action, motion, or progress.",
"A fixed state; fixedness; stability; permanence."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 33830
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],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
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"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 20,
"glosses": 0
}
}