Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗suffix
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryIn the style or manner of; appended to nouns, especially proper nouns, and forming adjectives. · Resembling; appended to nouns, especially proper nouns, and forming adjectives.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-iskos Proto-Germanic *-iskaz Proto-West Germanic *-iskbor. Vulgar Latin -iscus Italian -escobor. French -esquebor. English -esque Borrowed from French -esque (“-ish, -ic, -esque”), from Italian -esco, from Latin -iscus, of Germanic origin, from Lombardic -isc (“-ish”), from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (“-ish”), from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Cognate with Old High German -isc (German -isch), Old English -isċ, Old Norse -iskr, Gothic -𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (-isks). Doublet of -ish and -ski.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Borrowed-form mention-esquefr
- Derivation mention-escoit
- Derivation mention-iscusla
- Derivation mention*-iskgmw-pro
- Derivation mention*-iskazgem-pro
- Derivation mention*-iskosine-pro
- Cognate mention-iscgoh
- Cognate mention-ischde
- Cognate mention-isċang
- Cognate mention-iskrnon
- Cognate mention-𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃got
- Doublet mention-ishen
- Doublet mention-skien
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:-esque",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-iskbor.\nVulgar Latin -iscus\nItalian -escobor.\nFrench -esquebor.\nEnglish -esque\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pertaining to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pertaining to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iskos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-iskaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-isk\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"-iscus\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"-esco\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-esque\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-esque\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-esque\">"
},
{
"name": "bor+",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-esque",
"4": "",
"5": "-ish, -ic, -esque"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French -esque (“-ish, -ic, -esque”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "-esco"
},
"expansion": "Italian -esco"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-iscus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -iscus"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lng",
"3": "-isc",
"4": "",
"5": "-ish"
},
"expansion": "Lombardic -isc (“-ish”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-isk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-isk"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-iskaz",
"4": "",
"5": "-ish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (“-ish”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-iskos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-iskos"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-isc",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Old High German -isc"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-isch"
},
"expansion": "German -isch"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-isċ"
},
"expansion": "Old English -isċ"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-iskr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -iskr"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (-isks)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ish",
"3": "-ski"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ish and -ski"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:-esque",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-iskbor.\nVulgar Latin -iscus\nItalian -escobor.\nFrench -esquebor.\nEnglish -esque"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*-iskos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iskos#Proto-Indo-European:_pertaining_to"
],
[
"*-iskaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-iskaz#Proto-Germanic:_pertaining_to"
],
[
"*-isk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-isk#Proto-West_Germanic:_adjective"
],
[
"-iscus",
"-iscus#Latin:_suf"
],
[
"-esco",
"-esco#Italian:_suf"
],
[
"-esque",
"-esque#French"
],
[
"-esque",
"-esque#French"
],
[
"-esco",
"-esco#Italian"
],
[
"-iscus",
"-iscus#Latin"
],
[
"-isc",
"-isc#Old_High_German"
],
[
"*-isk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-isk"
],
[
"*-iskaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-iskaz"
],
[
"*-iskos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iskos"
],
[
"-isc",
"-isc#Old_High_German"
],
[
"-isch",
"-isch#German"
],
[
"-isċ",
"-isc#Old_English"
],
[
"-iskr",
"-iskr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"-𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃",
"-𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃#Gothic"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish#English"
],
[
"-ski",
"-ski#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "suffix",
"glosses": [
"In the style or manner of; appended to nouns, especially proper nouns, and forming adjectives.",
"Resembling; appended to nouns, especially proper nouns, and forming adjectives."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
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"rawRecordSha256": "c7ff267d6dcb2af209adfa8cc34a8821a2ff36a3c1cf8590b75876fe3e5a457e",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 451402
}
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