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CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD

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EDGE / 0995borrowingestablished

A CLAIM
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A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.

CHILD / LATER FORM / attestedPresent-Day English · circa 1534–today · make low shame verb

humiliate

reduce to a lower position in one’s own or others’ eyes; cause shame or embarrassment

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DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / attestedLate Latin · Late Latin · made low participle

humiliātus

made low or humble

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01

THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP

EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE

SOUND CHANGE

English humiliate adapts the stem of Late Latin humiliātus, dropping Latin inflection and developing the English -ate pronunciation.

SEMANTIC CHANGE

Made low or humble develops into reduction in status, dignity, or self-estimation and the causing of shame.

CHRONOLOGY

Merriam-Webster reports English use circa 1534.

SCHOLAR / EDITORIAL AUTHORITY

Merriam-Webster Editors

CONFIDENCE

established — no additional confidence note is attached.

EDITORIAL STATUS

reviewed

02

CITATION REGISTER

SOURCES ON THIS EDGE

S01
Humiliate — Definition, Word History, and First Known UseWord History: Late Latin humiliatus; First Known Use circa 1534

Publishes the immediate participial source and English horizon.

supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗
S02
Humiliate — American Heritage DictionaryLate Latin humiliāre, humiliāt-, to humble

Publishes the compatible verb-and-stem summary.

contextAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗
03

EDITORIAL REUSE

WHERE THIS CLAIM APPEARS

RELATION / 880humiliate

humiliate → humiliātus

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