English also forms learned words directly on Latin -alis.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗EDGE / 0610competing borrowingproposed
A CLAIM
YOU CAN AUDIT.
A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.
-al
of, like, related to, or pertaining to
OPEN NODE 639 ↗DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / attestedLatin · Latin antiquity · adjective suffix-ālis
of, related to, pertaining to
OPEN NODE 641 ↗01
THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP
EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE
The adjective-forming function remains stable.
No separate chronology note is attached beyond the endpoint date ranges.
Douglas Harper
proposed — This is a parallel direct-Latin channel, not a claim that every -al word bypassed French.
reviewed
02
CITATION REGISTER
SOURCES ON THIS EDGE
-al — Online Etymology DictionaryMiddle English from French or directly from Latin -alis
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Supplies the direct Latin channel.
03
EDITORIAL REUSE