The Indo-European palatal stop develops as Germanic k under Grimm’s Law, while a suffixed zero-grade *gn̥ə-t- formation is represented in Germanic *kund- material; the exact consonant and stem reconstruction varies across analyses.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗EDGE / 1064comparative derivationprobable
A CLAIM
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A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.
*kundjaz
origin, birth, family, race, or kind
OPEN NODE 1069 ↗DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / reconstructedProto-Indo-European · Proto-Indo-European suffixed zero grade · born nature formation*gn̥ə-t-
born or produced; a birth-, nature-, or kind-forming derivative
OPEN NODE 1070 ↗01
THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP
EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE
A formation meaning born or produced develops the origin, family, race, nature, and kind noun field.
Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic reconstruction, without a directly attested intermediate token.
Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors · Rosemarie Lühr
probable — American Heritage publishes *kundjaz from the zero-grade formation. EWA’s comparative discussion preserves *kenþa-, *kunđa-, and *kunđi- analyses and unresolved voicing or borrowing questions for parts of the Germanic evidence.
reviewed
02
CITATION REGISTER
SOURCES ON THIS EDGE
Indo-European Root genə-genə-, zero-grade *gn̥ə-t- section: Germanic *kundjaz
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Publishes the Germanic noun under the suffixed zero-grade formation.
Kind — Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen VComparative discussion of *kenþa-, *kunđa-, and *kunđi-
contextAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Shows why one undifferentiated Germanic *kund- reconstruction should retain a stated confidence limit.
03
EDITORIAL REUSE