PERMANENT DISPUTE RECORD
ALL DISPUTES ↗One scholarly question. Every attached source. The present editorial state, without pretending the last word has been written.
No. Roman sources remembered an older foreigner or stranger sense before usage restricted the word toward a public or armed enemy.
/ˈhɔs.tis/ · noun
The Latin word for an outsider or public enemy, preserving the historical semantic turn from foreign stranger to armed opponent.
DIRECT CLAIM EVIDENCE
A citation is not a vote. Each record says whether the work supports, challenges, contradicts, or contextualizes the position—and identifies the exact locus used.
Directly reports the older stranger or foreigner sense and later enemy restriction.
Headword introduction; Cicero De officiis 1.12.37; Varro De lingua Latina 5.3Places the older outsider meaning in the wider reciprocal-stranger family.
Root ghos-ti-, Latin derivativesThe dossier separates the older outsider horizon from the later enemy-centered use.