CLAIM / COUNTERCLAIM / LIMITRECORD 671
DISPUTE
RECORD.
One scholarly question. Every attached source. The present editorial state, without pretending the last word has been written.
openproposed
Does cais securely prove cognacy with the Germanic hate family?
No. The Celtic–Germanic comparison is serious enough to display, but the graph keeps it as a context link rather than a genealogical edge because formal and semantic acceptance remain unsettled.
WORD UNDER REVIEWDISPUTE 671
cais
not directly recoverable · Middle Irish noun
eDIL separates two Irish headwords written cais. The first, also recorded as caise, is explicitly explained both as love and as hate; its cited passages and glossary equations range from searc and grádh "love" to miscais and mioscais "hatred", with context deciding individual readings. One Éigse line is tentatively translated so that the same visible form occurs on both sides: "my love ... is met by hatred(?)". The question mark matters. The second eDIL headword cais means "eye" and is excluded from this semantic lineage. These records establish a remarkable lexicographic opposition, not one timeless essence, a chronology from love to hate, or proof that every occurrence belongs to one historically indivisible sense. John T. Koch compares the noun with Proto-Celtic *katsi- < *kad-t/si- and a wider *kad- family, but that ancestry and its proposed Germanic comparison remain open. eDIL itself generally supplies etymologies only selectively. No manuscript pixels were directly inspected, no earliest-use or historical-frequency claim is made, and no exact pronunciation is invented.
01DIRECT CLAIM EVIDENCE
2 SOURCES WITH A STANCE
A citation is not a vote. Each record says whether the work supports, challenges, contradicts, or contextualizes the position—and identifies the exact locus used.
SOURCE 01supportsresearch monograph
Celto-Germanic — HATRED *kad-
Publishes the affirmative cross-branch comparison.
p. 101, Celtic and Germanic material under HATRED *kad-- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- John T. Koch
- YEAR
- 2020
- PUBLISHER
- University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies
SOURCE 02challengesscholarly essay
The shortest history of hatred continued and partly concluded
Supports keeping cognacy open rather than encoding a false genealogy.
Discussion of the Celtic and non-Germanic comparisons- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Anatoly Liberman
- YEAR
- 2018
- PUBLISHER
- Oxford University Press
02 / EDITORIAL STATE
THE QUESTION REMAINS OPEN.
- CONFIDENCE
- proposed
- STATUS
- open
- LEGACY SOURCE SUMMARY
- Affirmative comparative scholarship and a direct skeptical treatment are both cited.
WHY NO RESOLUTIONThe reviewed evidence does not yet warrant collapsing the competing or incomplete analyses into one secure answer.