A Handbook of Germanic Etymology — *xataz, *xatjanan, and *xatōjanan
Publishes the alternative class-III reconstruction.
p. 203, *xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Vladimir Orel
- YEAR
- 2003
- PUBLISHER
- Brill
PERMANENT DISPUTE RECORD
ALL DISPUTES ↗One scholarly question. Every attached source. The present editorial state, without pretending the last word has been written.
The comparative verb family is secure, but its notation and subclass are not singular. Orel prints the alternatives; Merriam-Webster foregrounds *hatōjan- for the related inherited verb formation.
[ˈhasn̩] · German weak verb
The modern German weak verb for feeling hatred toward a person or for strongly disliking a thing or action. Duden traces it through Middle High German haʒʒen and Old High German haʒʒēn / haʒʒōn and adds that the older verb also meant pursue. Grimm’s DWB makes the semantic contrast explicit: it calls hostile pursuit or persecution the original sense and then describes a later, more muted center in hostile disposition rather than hostile deeds. BMZ and Lexer independently document the Middle High German verb and its literary record. The reviewed ancestry follows the reconstructed Germanic weak-verb alternatives into the *hatiz- family, preserves the qualified *ḱh₂d-es- / *ḱeh₂d- proposal, and then stops.
DIRECT CLAIM EVIDENCE
A citation is not a vote. Each record says whether the work supports, challenges, contradicts, or contextualizes the position—and identifies the exact locus used.
Publishes the alternative class-III reconstruction.
p. 203, *xatēnan ~ *xatōjananPublishes a different reconstruction notation for the inherited verb family.
Verb etymology: Germanic *hatōjan-The reviewed evidence does not yet warrant collapsing the competing or incomplete analyses into one secure answer.