PERMANENT SOURCE RECORD
ALL SOURCES ↗BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYods-fjende
SOURCE
RECORD.
One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.
14 PUBLIC LINKS INTO THE GRAPH.
This count excludes duplicate dossier-path citations. Open the claims below to see exactly how the source is used.
historical dictionaryods-fjende
Ordbog over det danske Sprog — Fjende
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- ODS editorial team
- YEAR
- 1922
- PUBLISHER
- Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- historical dictionary
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
010
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
No ranked contrarian reveal currently cites this source.
027
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
opensupportsestablished
Does the ODS Sanskrit comparison prove a direct Sanskrit-to-Danish line?
No. ODS preserves an older comparison with Sanskrit pīyati, while modern comparative work gives a reconstructed route. Neither source licenses a historical borrowing or direct line.
Etymological parenthesis, Sanskrit pīyati comparisonPreserves the older published comparison without proving a direct line.
opensupportsprobable
Can the exact change from fiende to fjende be dated to one event?
No. The records show overlapping spellings, syllable patterns, and editorial judgments rather than one recoverable switch.
Historical forms and pronunciation commentaryShows variation rather than one dated switch.
resolvedsupportsestablished
Are Fiende, Fiænde, Finde, Fînde, and Fiend separate words?
Not in the reviewed articles. They are treated as surface and scansion variants of the same lexical family.
Headword variant discussionGroups historical forms under Fjende.
resolvedsupportsestablished
Did Danish fjende ever mean the Devil?
Yes in a bounded religious branch. ODS identifies den gamle Fjende and related uses as the Devil, while ordinary enemy remains the general sense.
Sense 1.1 and supplement: den gamle FjendeExplicitly labels the Devil branch.
resolvedsupportsprobable
Was the Devil meaning the original Danish sense?
No source inspected establishes that. Old Danish is glossed simply enemy, and the historical dictionaries present Devil as a special development inside the broader enemy field.
General sense 1 before special religious useStructures Devil as a bounded branch.
resolvedsupportsestablished
Can fjende refer only to people?
No. Historical and current records apply it to states, military forces, animals, ideologies, weather, sleep, passions, and other harmful abstractions.
Senses 1.1–2Documents people, animals, abstractions, and military collectives.
resolvedcontextestablished
Does Holberg scansion reproduce ordinary speech exactly?
Not necessarily. It is evidence for metrical realization and variation, not audio or a complete social map of pronunciation.
Rask, Abraham, Heiberg, and Molbech pronunciation commentaryDocuments prescriptive and descriptive disagreement.
032
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
EDGE 1211supportsprobable
fjende → fiende
Danish → Old Danish · historical continuation
- SOUND
- Old Danish fiende continues through competing Fiende, Fiænde, Finde, Fînde, and Fiend spellings and two- versus three-syllable realizations before modern fjende and its current pronunciations stabilize.
- MEANING
- The ordinary enemy noun remains central while wartime, ideological, animal, abstract-threat, and historical Devil branches remain contextually available.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Den Danske Ordbogs redaktion · ODS editorial team · Aage Hansen · Sv. Eegholm-Pedersen
Headword forms and senses 1–2Preserves historical fiende, finde, syllable commentary, ordinary, religious, animal, figurative, and military uses.
EDGE 1212contextprobable
fiende → *fi(j)and-
Old Danish → Proto-Germanic · inheritance
- SOUND
- Old Danish fiende continues the North Germanic reflex of the inherited fi(j)- plus nd agent formation, with branch-specific vowel, glide, ending, and inflectional developments.
- MEANING
- The already lexicalized one-who-hates formation is inherited as an ordinary enemy noun; the Devil and broader figurative branches belong to attested Danish semantic history.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Den Danske Ordbogs redaktion · ODS editorial team · Daniel Ayora Estevan · Guus Kroonen
Etymological parenthesis: Old Danish fiende, Old Norse fjándi, Gothic fijandsIndependently preserves the older Danish and cross-Germanic set.
043
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
fjendeSOURCE-REPORTED
fjende
Peder Syv song collection
OPEN WITNESS 424 ↗fjendeSOURCE-REPORTED
fjende
the old enemy as the Devil
OPEN WITNESS 428 ↗fjendeSOURCE-REPORTED
fjende
lamb and wolf example
OPEN WITNESS 429 ↗051
COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
fijands
Gothican East Germanic cognate preserving noun and participial evidence
061
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
stage 4supports
Early-modern Danish textual world
Supplies one dated printed record and broader form history.
1695 wartime citation; historical form discussion · broad070
NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
081
WORD-FAMILY REUSE
DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE
2 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.