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-ize — Online Etymology Dictionary
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Douglas Harper
- YEAR
- 2026
- PUBLISHER
- Etymonline
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- historical dictionary
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
Did English borrow etymologize directly from French or Medieval Latin?
The reviewed entry forms English etymologize from etymology + -ize and merely compares French étymologiser and Medieval Latin etymologisare. Comparison alone does not prove direct borrowing.
Historical route of -izeSupplies the suffix ancestry without turning every comparable whole word into a donor.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
-ize → -iser / -izer
Present-Day English → Old French · borrowing
- SOUND
- Middle English -ize follows Old French -iser and -izer.
- MEANING
- The verb-forming function continues.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Douglas Harper
Middle English -isen from Old French -iser and -izerSupplies the French route.
-iser / -izer → -izāre
Old French → Medieval Latin · borrowing
- SOUND
- Old French adapts Late Latin -izare.
- MEANING
- The verb-forming function continues.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Douglas Harper
Old French suffix from Late Latin -izareSupplies the French-to-Latin route.
-izāre → -ίζειν
Medieval Latin → Ancient Greek · borrowing
- SOUND
- Late Latin -izare adapts Greek -izein.
- MEANING
- Doing or practicing the action of a base continues as a productive verb pattern.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Douglas Harper
Late Latin -izare from Greek -izeinSupplies the Latin-to-Greek route.
-ίζειν → UNKNOWN
Ancient Greek → Beyond secure reconstruction · knowledge boundary
- SOUND
- No deeper unique source is promoted from the reviewed suffix entry.
- MEANING
- The branch stops before unsupported segmentation.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- SET-U editorial boundary
Entry endpoint at Greek -izeinDefines the reviewed horizon.
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COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
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GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
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NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
WORD-FAMILY REUSE