*SET-U

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BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYahd-ie-wer3

SOURCE
RECORD.

One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.

CLAIM-LEVEL USAGE

6 PUBLIC LINKS INTO THE GRAPH.

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scholarly referenceahd-ie-wer3

Indo-European Root: wer-3

AUTHOR / EDITOR
Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors
YEAR
2022
PUBLISHER
HarperCollins
DOI
Not recorded
SOURCE TYPE
scholarly reference
EXTERNAL RECORD
OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
4CANONICAL EDGES
0WITNESSES
2COMPARISONS
0CONTEXT LINKS
0RANKED REVEALS
0DISPUTES
0JOURNEY STAGES
1WORD DOSSIERS
01

CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS

RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE

0
No ranked contrarian reveal currently cites this source.
02

SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT

DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE

0
No scholarly dispute currently cites this source.
03

CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS

EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE

4
EDGE 881supportsestablished

weard → *wardaz

Old English → Proto-Germanic · inheritance

SOUND
Old English weard reflects Proto-Germanic *wardaz.
MEANING
Guardian and keeper continue the watch field.
SCHOLAR / EDITOR
Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors
wer-3: Germanic *wardaz to Old English weard

Publishes the Germanic form and English reflex.

OPEN THE PERMANENT CLAIM ↗
EDGE 882supportsestablished

*wardaz → *wor-to-

Proto-Germanic → Proto-Indo-European · inheritance

SOUND
Proto-Germanic *wardaz reflects the suffixed o-grade formation *wor-to-.
MEANING
A guard noun develops from watching.
SCHOLAR / EDITOR
Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors
wer-3: suffixed o-grade *wor-to- to Germanic *wardaz

Publishes the reconstructed derivation.

OPEN THE PERMANENT CLAIM ↗
EDGE 883supportsestablished

*wor-to- → *wer-³

Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Indo-European · morphological derivation

SOUND
The suffixed o-grade *wor-to- is analyzed under *wer-³.
MEANING
Perceiving and watching supply the guard formation.
SCHOLAR / EDITOR
Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors
wer-3 root and *wor-to- formation

Analyzes the formation under the root.

OPEN THE PERMANENT CLAIM ↗
EDGE 884supportsboundary

*wer-³ → UNKNOWN

Proto-Indo-European → Beyond secure reconstruction · knowledge boundary

SOUND
No older form is promoted beyond reviewed *wer-³.
MEANING
The guardian trail ends where the published comparative root ends.
SCHOLAR / EDITOR
SET-U editorial boundary
wer-3 entry endpoint

Defines the reviewed boundary.

OPEN THE PERMANENT CLAIM ↗
04

LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS

WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE

0
No lexical witness currently cites this source.
05

COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE

COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES

2
lord

ward

English / Germanic route

relative of the guardian component under *wer-³

lord

warden

English / Germanic route

guardian-family relative under *wer-³

06

GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS

JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE

0
No journey-stage claim currently cites this source.
07

NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS

HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE

0
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
08

WORD-FAMILY REUSE

DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE

1
lord2 CLAIM LINKS↗