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Lewis’s Elementary Latin Dictionary
1890 American Book Company edition; pinned Perseus XML digitization
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Latin · Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Italic * wē̆ntos , from Proto-Indo-European * h₂wéh₁n̥ts ( “ blowing ” ) , present participle of * h₂weh₁- ( “ to blow ” ) .
The term is often cited as an example of Osthoff's law, which predicts shortening of long vowels when followed by a resonant and then a consonant. Thus, the thematicized pre-form * h₂weh₁n̥tos could have yielded * wēntos , which would have eventually shortened into * wentos . However, the existence of Osthoff's law in Latin is disputed, and one alternative proposal suggests that * h₂weh₁n̥tos would have instead directly yielded * wentos . According to this theory, the laryngeal would disappear without any accompanying developments as, in Proto-Indo-European, laryngeals did not induce compensatory lengthening when in coda position.
Cognate and synonymous with English wind , Sanskrit वात॑ ( vā́ta ) , Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬙𐬀 ( vāta ) , and Ancient Greek ᾰ̓είς ( ăeís ) . See also Latin vannus , from the same PIE root.
Latin · Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Italic * gʷemtus , from Proto-Indo-European * gʷém-tu-s , from * gʷem- ( “ to come ” ) . The -n- was, according to De Vaan, potentially adopted from the verb veniō ( “ to come ” ) . By surface analysis , veniō + -tus ( forming action nouns ) .
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